This article gives an overview of liberalism and radicalism in Romania. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ denotes another party in this scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it is not necessary for a party to have actually labeled itself as a liberal party.
Liberalism has been one of the major forces in Romania, mainly organized in the center-right National Liberal Party. As of 2016 the National Liberal Party is the largest opposition party, with elected members in both houses of the Romanian Parliament, and in the European Parliament. At the European Parliament level, is a member of European People's Party.
The National Liberal Party has historically had many spin-offs and mergers with other center-right parties. Alliance of Liberals and Democrats is such a spin-off that is currently a member of the coalition government.
1822: Ionică Tăutu, representing a group of low-ranking boyars in Moldavia, proposed a constitutional project with republican and liberal principles1834: Ion Câmpineanu leads the liberal opposition to Russian influence in Wallachia's National Assembly1840: Mitică Filipescu led a radical, carbonari-inspired conspiracy in Wallachia1840: Mihail Kogălniceanu published the short-lived Dacia Literară, a Romantic nationalist and liberal magazine, engendering a literary society1843: Nicolae Bălcescu and others led the Frăţia radical conspiracy in Wallachia1845: Radical students from both Wallachia and Moldavia founded Societatea Studenţilor Români (the "Society of Romanian Students") in Paris1848: The unsuccessful Moldavian revolution, during which Moldavian liberals issued a Petition-Proclamation1848: The liberal-minded Blaj Assemblies in Transylvania, in the context of revolutions inside the Austrian Empire1848: The Wallachian revolution – liberals formed a Provisional Government in Bucharest, and were divided over the issue of land reform, with a radical current forming around Bălcescu1856: The liberal current formed the majority in Partida Naţională, a loose group supporting the union of the Danubian Principalities1859: After the union, liberals formed a distinct faction in the Parliament of Romania1864: Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza established a personal regime, in order to pass liberal legislation against mounting opposition1866: Mainstream liberals supported Cuza's removal from the throne; a faction of the liberal current opposed to the new constitution formed the Moldavian-based Fracţiunea liberă şi independentă, influenced by Simion Bărnuțiu and led by Nicolae Ionescu1875: The liberal current organised itself in the National Liberal Party (Partidul Naţional-Liberal), led by Ion Brătianu1884: A faction formed the Radical Party, led by C.A. Rosetti and George Panu1899: The National Liberal Party absorbs the right-wing of the Romanian Social-Democratic Workers' Party1918: The Peasants' Party absorbs a left-wing tendency in the National Liberal Party formed around Constantin Stere1929: A faction formed the ⇒ National Liberal Party-Brătianu1931: A faction formed the Liberal Democratic Party, which remained unsuccessful. The same year a majority of the Brătianu party returned in the National Liberal Party1938: The rest of the Brătianu party returned in the National Liberal Party1938: The party is banned by King Carol II1944: The party resumed its activities1944: A faction formed the ⇒ National Liberal Party-Tătărescu1947: The Brătianu faction dissolves itself1990: A party claiming the National Liberal legacy is founded by Radu Câmpeanu1990: A youth faction of the National Liberal Party formed the ⇒ Liberal Party Youth Wing1991: A faction formed the ⇒ National Liberal Party-Democratic Convention1995: The ⇒ Liberal party 1993 merged into the National Liberal Party, the ⇒ National Liberal Party-Câmpeanu seceded from the party1998: The party absorbed the ⇒ Civic Alliance Party2002: The Alliance for Romania (Alianţa pentru România) merged into the National Liberal Party2003: The Union of Right-Wing Forces (Uniunea Forţelor de Dreapta) and the ⇒ National Liberal Party-Câmpeanu merged into the party1929: A faction of the ⇒ National Liberal Party formed the National Liberal Party-Brătianu (Partidul Naţional-Liberal-Brătianu)1931: Most of the party returned to the National Liberal Party1938: The party reunited with the National Liberal Party1944: A faction of the ⇒ National Liberal Party formed the National Liberal Party-Tătărescu (Partidul Naţional-Liberal (Tătărescu))1945: The party ran in elections with the Romanian Communist Party1950: The party ceases political activity1990: A youth faction of the ⇒ National Liberal Party formed the National Liberal Party Youth Wing (Partidul Naţional-Liberal Aripa Tînără)1992: The party was renamed Liberal Party (Partidul Liberal), led by Horia Rusu1993: The Liberal Party merged with the ⇒ National Liberal Party-Democratic Convention and the Group for Moral and Political Reforms into the Liberal Party 1993 (Partidul Liberal 1993), joined by a faction of the ⇒ Civic Alliance Party1995: The party merged into the ⇒ National Liberal Party1991: A section of the Civic Alliance non-governmental organization established the Civic Alliance Party (Partidul Alianţa Civică), led by Nicolae Manolescu1993: A faction joined the ⇒ Liberal Party 19931998: The party merged into the ⇒ National Liberal Party1991: A faction of the ⇒ National Liberal Party formed the National Liberal Party-Democratic Convention (Partidul Naţional-Liberal-Convenţia Democrată)1993: The party merged into the ⇒ Liberal Party 19931995: A faction of the ⇒ National Liberal Party formed the National Liberal Party-Câmpeanu (Partidul Naţional-Liberal-Câmpeanu)2003: The party merged into the ⇒ National Liberal Party1997: A faction of the ⇒ Party for Social Democracy of Romania (PDSR) formed the Alliance for Romania (Alianța pentru România)2002: The party merged into the ⇒ National Liberal Party2004: National Liberal Party and Democratic Party form the ⇒ Justice and Truth Alliance and join a government coalition after the 2004 elections2006: Justice and Truth Alliance is disbanded and a faction of the National Liberal Party forms the ⇒ Liberal Democratic Party (Partidul Democrat Liberal)2007: Liberal Democratic Party merges with Democratic Party and forms ⇒ Democratic Liberal Party2014: The party merged into the ⇒ National Liberal Party