Samiksha Jaiswal (Editor)

Kaskaskia River

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GNIS ID
  
426395

Discharge
  
420 m³/s

Mouth
  
Mississippi River

Length
  
523 km

Source
  
Interstate 74

Country
  
United States of America

Kaskaskia River waterweathergovahps2imageshydrographphotosv

Main source
  
Interstate 74 in Champaign County, Illinois west of Champaign, Illinois ~840 ft (260 m), (Yankee Ridge)

River mouth
  
Mississippi River 10 mi (16 km) northwest of Chester ~350 ft (110 m)

Basin size
  
approximately 5,746 sq mi (14,880 km)

Bridges
  
General Dean Suspension Bridge, Thompson Mill Covered Bridge

Lake shelbyville il dam tour overview shelbyville works shelbyville illinois kaskaskia river


The Kaskaskia River is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 325 miles (523 km) long, in central and southern Illinois in the United States. The second largest river system within Illinois, it drains a rural area of farms, as well as rolling hills along river bottoms of hardwood forests in its lower reaches. The lower reaches of the river have been canalized to allow barge traffic.

Contents

Map of Kaskaskia River, Illinois, USA

"Cascasquia" is an alternative, supposedly more French, spelling of "Kaskaskia" that is sometimes encountered. It was named after a clan of the Illiniwek encountered by the early French Jesuits and other settlers. "Okaw River" was an alternative name for the Kaskaskia that persists in place names along the river, including Okawville, and in a major tributary, the West Okaw River.

Kaskaskia river watershed phosphorus


Hydrography

The Kaskaskia rises in east central Illinois in several farm ditches along the west side of Champaign. The headwaters of the river is just north of Interstate 74, where it is marked with a sign. The river flows south across rural Champaign and Douglas counties, then southwest across southern Illinois, past Vandalia. It joins the Mississippi from the north approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of Chester and 40 miles (64 km) south-southeast of St. Louis, Missouri. The watershed of the river encompasses approximately 5,746 square miles (14,880 km2), approximately 10.2% of the state of Illinois.

The Kaskaskia is impounded in Shelby County to form Lake Shelbyville. It is also impounded in Clinton County southwest of Vandalia to form Carlyle Lake.

For most of the 19th century, the river joined the Mississippi at Chester. Deforestation of river banks of the Mississippi and tributaries to fuel the hundreds of steamboats that plied the river had several significant environmental effects: destabilizing the banks, causing the Mississippi to become wider and more shallow, causing more severe flooding and leading to lateral channel changes in the American Bottoms area. In the aftermath of a major 1881 flood, the Mississippi changed its channel and moved east to flow along the lower 10 miles (16 km) of the channel of the Kaskaskia, shifting the confluence 10 miles north. As a result, a small portion of Illinois, including the former capital, Kaskaskia, was cut off from Illinois when the river moved to its east side. It is now located on the west side of the Mississippi. The community of Kaskaskia can now only be reached from the Missouri shore. The Kaskaskia River State Fish & Wildlife Area is located along the lower river in southern Illinois.

Fort Kaskaskia was located near the mouth of the river in Randolph County.

References

Kaskaskia River Wikipedia