Supriya Ghosh (Editor)

Karl Möbius

Updated on
Edit
Like
Comment
Share on FacebookTweet on TwitterShare on LinkedInShare on Reddit
Residence
  
Germany

Fields
  
Zoology, Ecology

Citizenship
  
German

Karl Möbius Karl Mbius Wikipedia

Born
  
February 7, 1825Eilenburg, Germany (
1825-02-07
)

Institutions
  
University of KielMuseum für Naturkunde, Berlin

Alma mater
  
Humboldt UniversityUniversity of Halle

Known for
  
Biocoenosis, ecology of oysters

Died
  
26 April 1908, Berlin, Germany

Education
  
Humboldt University of Berlin, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg

Karl August Möbius (7 February 1825 in Eilenburg – 26 April 1908 in Berlin) was a German zoologist who was a pioneer in the field of ecology and a former director of the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin.

Contents

Karl Möbius Naturkundemuseum Vorreiter der kologie Wissen Tagesspiegel

Early life

Karl Möbius wwwunikieldegrosseforscherbildermoebius1jpg

Möbius was born in Eilenburg in Saxony. At the age of four he attended primary school at the Bergschule Eilenburg, and at the age of 12 he was sent by his father to train as a teacher. In 1844 he passed the exams with distinction and began working as teacher in Seesen, on the northwest edge of the Harz mountain range. In 1849 he began studying natural science and philosophy at Humboldt University in Berlin. After he graduated, he taught zoology, botany, mineralogy, geography, physics, and chemistry at the Johanneum High School in Hamburg.

Oysters and ecology

Karl Möbius Mbius Karl August Lexikon der Biologie Spektrum der Wissenschaft

In 1863 he opened the first German sea water aquarium, in Hamburg. In 1868, shortly after passing his doctoral examination at the University of Halle, he was appointed Professor of Zoology at the University of Kiel and the director of the Zoological Museum. Marine animals were among his main research interests and his first comprehensive work on the fauna of the Kieler Bucht already emphasized ecological aspects (Die Fauna der Kieler Bucht, co-authored by Heinrich Adolph Meyer, and published in two volumes in 1865 and 1872, respectively).

Karl Möbius Karl August Mbius zologo

Between 1868 and 1870, Möbius was commissioned by the Ministry of Agricultural Affairs in Prussia to conduct research on the Bay of Kiel oyster beds. At the time, the oysters were being gathered from the natural beds and sold at expensive prices to the wealthy elite. Once the railroad was constructed and more opportunities for exportation arose, the demand for the oysters grew exponentially. In turn, the Ministry tasked Möbius with exploring the potential for further exploitation of the beds. Möbius's research resulted in two landmark publications: Über Austern- und Miesmuschelzucht und Hebung derselben an der norddeutschen Küste (1870, in English: On oyster and blue mussel farming in coastal areas of Northern Germany), and Die Auster und die Austernwirtschaft (in English: Oyster and oyster farming), in which he concluded that oyster farming was not a realistic option for Northern Germany. More importantly, he was first to describe in detail the interactions between the different organisms in the ecosystem of the oyster bank, coining the term "biocenose". This remains a key term in synecology (community ecology).

In 1888 Möbius became the director of the Zoological Collections of the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, and Professor of Systematic and Geographical Zoology at the Kaiser Wilhelm University, Berlin, where he taught until he retired in 1905, at the age of 80.

References

Karl Möbius Wikipedia


Similar Topics