Trisha Shetty (Editor)

Karabakh movement

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Date
  
February 1988 — 1991

Karabakh movement

Location
  
Armenia (mainly Yerevan) Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast

Goals
  
Unification of Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia

Methods
  
Demonstrations, sit-ins, strikes, hunger strike, student protest, civil disobedience

Result
  
Establishment of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Escalation of the Nagorno-Karabakh War

The Karabakh movement (Armenian: Ղարաբաղյան շարժում, also the Artsakh Movement Արցախյան շարժում) was a mass nationalist movement in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh from 1988 to 1992 that advocated for the transfer of the mainly Armenian-populated Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of neighboring Azerbaijan to the jurisdiction of Armenia.

Contents

Initially, the movement was entirely devoid of any anti-Soviet sentiment and did not call for independence of Armenia. The Karabakh Committee, a group of intellectuals, led the movement from 1988 to 1989. It transformed into the Pan-Armenian National Movement (HHSh) by 1989 and won majority in the 1990 parliamentary election. In 1991, both Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh declared independence. The intense fighting known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War turned into a full-scale war by 1992.

1987

  • September: the Union for National Self-Determination, the first non-Communist party, established in Armenia by Paruyr Hayrikyan
  • October 17: the first protests concerning ecological issues held in Yerevan
  • October 18: a minor rally on Freedom Square, Yerevan for the unification of Karabakh with Armenia

    • 1988

  • February 13: First demonstration in Stepanakert. Traditionally considered the start of the movement.
  • February 18–26: Major demonstrations held in Yerevan for the unification of Karabakh with Armenia.
  • February 20: the NKAO Supreme Council issued a request to transfer the region to Soviet Armenia
  • February 22–23: Local Armenians and Azerbaijanis clash in Askeran, resulting in several deaths
  • February 26: Demonstrations paused after Mikhail Gorbachev's asked for time to develop a position.
  • February 27–29: Sumgait pogrom starts, Armenians of Azerbaijan start to leave in large numbers
  • March 9: Gorbachev meets with the leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan Karen Demirchyan and Kamran Baghirov in Moscow to discuss the public demands of unification of Armenia and Karabakh.
  • March 22: Over 100,000 people discontented with the tendencies demonstrate in Yerevan.
  • March 23: The Soviet Supreme Soviet rejects the demand of NKAO Regional Party.
  • March 25: Gorbachev rejects Armenian claims, forbade demonstrations in Yerevan.
  • March 26: Despite not being authorized by the Moscow government, tens of thousands demonstrate in Yerevan.
  • March 30: NKAO Communist Party adopts a resolution demanding unification.
  • April 24: Hundreds of thousands of Armenians march to the genocide memorial in Yerevan.
  • May 21: Karen Demirchyan resigns.
  • May 28: Flag of Armenia first raised in front of Matenadaran.
  • June 15: Soviet Armenian Supreme Council votes in favor of the unification of NKAO.
  • June 17: Soviet Azerbaijani Supreme Council opposes the transfer of NKAO to Armenia.
  • June 28–29: Conference of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union dissaproves Armenian claims to NKAO.
  • July 5: Zvartnots Airport clash, the Soviet troops confronted by protesters in Zvartnots Airport, one man left dead, tens injured.
  • July 12: NKAO Soviet Council votes in favor of unification with Armenia.
  • July 18: Soviet Supreme Council refuses Armenian claims.
  • July 21: Paruyr Hayrikyan deported to Ethiopia.
  • fall: Around 150,000 Azerbaijanis of Armenia start to leave in large numbers.
  • September: State of emergency declared in Stepanakert after Armenian and Azerbaijanis clash.
  • November: Kirovabad pogrom
  • November 7: Hundreds of thousands demonstrate in Yerevan to support the Karabakh Committee.
  • November 22: Soviet Armenian Supreme Council recognizes the Armenian Genocide.
  • November 24: State of emergency declared in Yerevan.
  • December 7: Armenian earthquake.
  • December 10: Karabakh Committee members arrested, sent to Moscow.

    • 1989

  • March 16: Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant shut down.
  • May 31: Karabakh Committee members freed.
  • December 1: Soviet Armenian Supreme Council and NKAO Supreme Council declare the unification of the two entities [1]

    • 1990

  • January 13–19: Pogrom of Armenians in Baku.
  • May 20: Armenian parliamentary election, 1990, pro-independence members form majority.
  • August 4: Levon Ter-Petrosyan elected chairman of the Supreme Council, de facto leader of Armenia.
  • August 23: Soviet Armenian Supreme Council declared independence.

    • 1991

  • April 30 – May 15: Nagorno-Karabakh War: Soviet and Azeri forces deport thousands of Armenian from Shahumyan during Operation Ring.
  • August 19–21: 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt
  • September 2: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic proclaimed in Stepanakert.

    • References

    Karabakh movement Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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