Nationality Belgium Name Julien Lahaut | Occupation Communist politician Role Belgian Politician | |
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Born 6 September 1884 ( 1884-09-06 ) Seraing, Belgium Died 18 August 1950(1950-08-18) (aged 65)
Seraing, Belgium Assassinated August 18, 1950, Seraing, Belgium | ||
Julien Lahaut (6 September 1884 – 18 August 1950) was a Belgian politician and communist. He became leader of the Communist Party of Belgium after the First World War. A dissident during the German occupation of 1940-44, he became a vocal advocate for the abolition of the Belgian monarchy during the post-war "Royal Question". His assassination in August 1950, at the height of the crisis, has often been attributed to Belgian royalists but remains unsure.
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Political background
During the First World War, Lahaut served in the Belgian army and was part of the Belgian Expeditionary Corps in Russia, fighting on the Eastern Front along with Imperial Russian forces. After his return to Belgium, he joined the new Communist Party of Belgium. He soon became a Communist deputy was later the party's chairman. He was particularly vocal in his republican sympathies.
During the German occupation of Belgium (1940–44), as the head of the Communist Party, Lahaut led the Strike of the 100,000 in May 1941 and was arrested. After failing to escape from captivity in the Citadel of Huy, he was deported to Mauthausen concentration camp. Although suffering considerable health effects, he was still alive when the camp was liberated by the Allies in 1945.
Royal Question and assassination
In the aftermath of the Liberation, a prolonged period of political crisis, known as the Royal Question, began over whether King Leopold III could return to his position as monarch. The crisis came to a head in 1950 until Leopold decided to abdicate in favour of his son, Baudouin.
On 11 August 1950 Baudouin took the constitutional oath as future King before the united Chambers of the Belgium Parliament. During the proceedings, one of the Communist deputies present shouted "Vive la Republique!" ("Long Live the Republic!"). Lahaut was reported to have been the deputy responsible, though in the confusion of the moment this remains unconfirmed. A week later, on 18 August 1950, Lahaut was assassinated by two unknown gunmen outside his home in Seraing.
Coming as it did immediately after a time of constitutional crisis, Lahaut's death caused widespread outrage, especially in left-wing circles. Strikes were organized all over the country, while 300,000 people attended his funeral. The Communist newspaper Le Drapeau Rouge carried the headline "A monstrous crime! Our dear comrade Julian Lahout, leader of the Communist party, was assassinated last night by the Leo-Rexists".
Francois Goossens, a Belgian royalist, was later identified as one of the murderers, although it is uncertain if he fired the actual shots.
On 19 July 2012, the Belgian Senate accepted to consider a legal proposal to extend funding for a historical study on the assassination. On 17 August 2012, minister Paul Magnette announced a federal contribution of €320,000 to the study.