Joseph Rosati

Early life

Rosati was born in the town of Sora, then in the region of Campania, part of the Kingdom of Naples. He completed his education in 1807 and entered the Congregation of the Mission, commonly called the Vincentian Fathers, in 1808. He was ordained a priest in 1811.

The Apostolic Administrator of Louisiana and the Two Floridas, Louis Dubourg, S.S., had gone to Rome for his consecration as a bishop. During his time in Europe, he traveled around, seeking personnel to help carry out his mission on the American frontier. One recruit he made was another Vincentian priest, Felix de Andreis, C.M., a friend of Rosati. He, in turn, recruited his friend to accompany him to the New World.

Missionary in America

In 1816 Dubourg paid their passage to America and they sailed to in Baltimore, Maryland, then traveled by flatboat to Bardstown, Kentucky, where they were welcomed by the local bishop, Benedict Joseph Flaget. The two Italians taught theology at St. Thomas Seminary there, while they perfected their knowledge of the English language and adapted to life on the new continent. Dubourg himself returned to the United States on 4 September 1817, accompanied by a large group of priests and religious Order members, also landing in Baltimore. From there he sent a request to Flaget that he accompany the two Vincentian priests to St. Louis to prepare the groups' arrival.

Flaget agreed to Dubourg's request and he and the two priests set out on horseback for St. Louis. En route, they were joined by the Rev. Donatien Olivier at Kaskaskia, where they crossed the Mississippi River to reach the former French colony of Ste. Genevieve. There they were welcomed by the Rev. Henry Pratte, a native of the town and the first native-born Catholic priest of Missouri. Leaving De Andreis to help in the parish there, the group continued on to St. Louis, where they were shocked to find the church and rectory, built 40 years earlier, to be falling apart, totally unfurnished and not even having doors or windows. The priests had to sleep on the ground, as there was no floor, wrapped in buffalo robes.

Pratte was able to tidy up and fix the rectory to a minimal standard of occupancy, just in time for the arrival of Dubourg and his entourage on 15 January 1815. Wearing their full pontifical vestments, he and Flaget processed through the town, greeted by the majority of the 2,500 occupants of the town, and proceeded to the church, where he addressed his flock for the first time.

Rosati then moved to Perryville, Missouri, where he opened St. Mary of the Barrens Seminary in 1818, to educate the young men of the region and to train new members for the Vincentian Society. For several years, he planned and supervised the construction of the school, while at the same time teaching most of the classes and functioning as the local pastor. In 1820, he was appointed the Vincentian Provincial Superior in the United States.

Episcopacy

In 1822, Rosati was appointed vicar apostolic of Mississippi and Alabama, and, the following year, appointed as coadjutor bishop to Dubourg, whose territory extended from Louisiana to Florida. He was based in St. Louis, while Dubourg lived in New Orleans.

This arrangement lasted until 1826, when, in the course of a trip to Rome, Dubourg unexpectedly submitted his resignation to the Holy See. Rosati wrote, "I was absolutely bewildered and could not persuade myself it was true." At that point, the Vatican decided to divide the diocese, establishing St. Louis as a separate episcopal see. On 18 July of that year, Rosati was appointed as the Apostolic Administrator of both dioceses. He was named as the first bishop of St. Louis on 20 March 1827.

Rosati's achievements include the opening of Mullanphy Hospital (later DePaul Hospital) by the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul in 1828, the founding of St. Mary's of the Barrens College and Seminary, the establishment of what would become Saint Louis University in 1829 and the construction of the first Cathedral of St. Louis from 1831 through 1834.

In 1841, Rosati was appointed by Pope Gregory XVI to assist in negotiations between the Holy See and Haiti. He died in Rome in 1843, after giving the pope a report on his diplomatic mission. His remains were returned to St. Louis, and interred in his cathedral.

Bishop Rosati is the namesake for an all-girls Roman Catholic high school, Rosati-Kain, located in the Central West End in the city of St. Louis, Missouri, located next to the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Louis.