Nationality German Role Botanist Parents Philipp Friedrich Gmelin | Known for Textbooks Education University of Tubingen Name Johann Gmelin Children Leopold Gmelin | |
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Born 8 August 1748
Tubingen, Holy Roman Empire ( 1748-08-08 ) Institutions University of Gottingen
University of Tubingen Doctoral advisor Philipp Friedrich Gmelin
Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger Doctoral students Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt
Friedrich Stromeyer
Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer
Wilhelm August Lampadius Died November 1, 1804, Gottingen, Germany Fields Natural history, Botany, Entomology Similar People Leopold Gmelin, Friedrich Stromeyer, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Louis Nicolas Vauquelin, George II of Great Britain | ||
Alma mater University of Tubingen | ||
(HD) Steller's Jay Mini-Documentary
Johann Friedrich Gmelin (8 August 1748 – 1 November 1804) was a German naturalist, botanist, entomologist, herpetologist and malacologist.
Contents
Education
Johann Friedrich Gmelin was born as the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin in 1748 in Tübingen. He studied medicine under his father at University of Tübingen and graduated with an MD in 1768, with a thesis entitled: Irritabilitatem vegetabilium, in singulis plantarum partibus exploratam ulterioribusque experimentis confirmatam., defended under the presidency of Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger, whom he thanks with the words Patrono et praeceptore in aeternum pie devenerando, pro summis in medicina obtinendis honoribus.
Career
In 1769, Gmelin became an adjunct professor of medicine at University of Tübingen. In 1773 he became professor of philosophy and adjunct professor of medicine at University of Göttingen. He was promoted to full professor of medicine and professor of chemistry, botany, and mineralogy in 1778. He died in 1804 in Göttingen.
Johann Friedrich Gmelin published several textbooks in the fields of chemistry, pharmaceutical science, mineralogy, and botany. He also published the 13th edition of Systema Naturae by Carl Linnaeus in 1788 and 1789. This contained descriptions and scientific names of many new species, including birds that had earlier been catalogued without a scientific name by John Latham in his A General Synopsis of Birds. Gmelin's publication is cited as the authority for over 290 bird species and also a number of butterfly species.
Legacy
Among his students were Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt, Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer, Friedrich Stromeyer and Wilhelm August Lampadius. He was the father of Leopold Gmelin.
He discovered the Redfin Pickerel in 1789.
In the scientific field of herpetology, he described many new species of amphibians and reptiles.
In the field of malacology, he described and named many species of gastropods.
The abbreviation "Gmel." is also found.