Nationality American Occupation Librarian | Name Jennie Flexner | |
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Born November 6, 1882 ( 1882-11-06 ) Louisville, Kentucky Died November 17, 1944, New York City, New York, United States | ||
Jennie Maas Flexner (November 6, 1882 – November 17, 1944) was a librarian and author.
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Life
Jennie Maas Flexner was born November 6, 1882 in Louisville, Kentucky to Jacob Aaron Flexner and Rosa Maas. Both her parents were of deep German-Jewish ancestry. She was the oldest of five children, with one brother and three sisters. Flexner and her siblings experienced a family life full of generous scholarly encouragements and educational backing. Her family was always very supportive and pushed her to pursue an education and develop a career that fit her personality and abilities.
She went to local public school and graduated from Commercial High School in Louisville at the age of 17. After graduating high school, she went to work for her uncle as a secretary. After that, she worked for The Louisville Herald. It was not until a conversation with her mother and a family friend, that Flexner was encouraged to try for a position at the new library in Louisville, which was funded by Andrew Carnegie. At this pivotal point in her life, Jennie Maas Flexner was introduced to a deep-rooted career in librarianship.
Career
As a child, Flexner attended the local public school, however she did not finish college and did not attain a paying job until the age of twenty-four. At this time she began her career as a secretary at the Free Public Library of Louisville in 1903. She took a short leave of absence from the Louisville library in 1908, where she was able to study at the School of Library Service at the Western Reserve University in Cleveland. After her education, she would take her position as the circulation department's head from 1912 to 1928.
Flexner was a strong advocate and leading authority of the newly developing library concept of a reader-centered philosophy, as opposed to the traditional book centered library and she soon became the forefront of writing and discussion for this topic.
Flexner was also known as a key innovator for libraries and their role and utilization of adult education, primarily for immigrants, minorities, and refugees during the troubling time of the Depression and World War II. She chaired a committee that selected books for the Armed Services and advised the council on books in wartime, and when the European refugees came to New York in the 1930s, she actively played a role in the library by helping people find new resources for their professional and intellectual lives.
Flexner was also a strong advocate for the training and knowledge of the individuals working inside the library. In Louisville, she was an advocate of service to the black community and the training of black and white librarians. During her time as the circulation head at her hometown library in Louisville and as a result of her involvement in the professional education of librarians through expanding criteria and developing appropriate materials she wrote a book, "Circulation Work in Public Libraries," 1927, which became a standard text in library schools.
From 1924, until her death, Flexner was the readers' adviser at the New York City Public Library and author of several books on the library and librarians. In 1926, she served on the curriculum staff of the American Library Association.
In 1928, she was chosen to initiate a special counseling service for adult readers at the New York Public Library from which they opened the Readers' Advisers Service Office, in 1929.
On November 17, 1944, she died in New York City. She was buried in Adath Israel Cemetery in Louisville.
Family
Jennie did not marry but was part of a distinguished family, including uncles Abraham Flexner, founder of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, known for his studies and surveys of medical colleges, and Simon Flexner, known as a scientific director of the Rockefeller Foundation and eminent bacteriologist. A cousin, Abraham's daughter, the feminist writer Eleanor Flexner. Jennie's sisters were Hortense Flexner King, a poet and a teacher that published seven volumes at Bryn Mawr and Sarah Lawrence Colleges, and Caroline Flexner who became the aide to New York governor and senator Herbert H. Lehman, and held important positions in the Joint Distribution Committee and was with UNRRA in Washington, D.C. Her father, who helped finance his brothers' education, eventually was able to attain his own medical degree as a pharmacist and then a physician.