Jefferson County Courthouse (Charles Town, West Virginia)

The first Jefferson County Courthouse was built in Charles Town, West Virginia, USA, in 1808, on a lot donated by Charles Washington. It was replaced by a larger building in about 1836, which comprises the core of the present courthouse. The building is historically notable as the site of two trials for treason: that of John Brown in 1859, and those of unionizing coal miners from Mingo County, West Virginia, a consequence of the Battle of Blair Mountain, whose trials were moved from the southern part of the state in 1922 as a result of a change of venue.

The courthouse is a red brick building in the Georgian style. It has an unusual clock tower with a square dome that resembles Second Empire structures.