Jan Kaspar

Biography

Kaspar was born at Pardubice. From his early years, he was an enthusiastic fan of cycling and automobilism. After finishing his studies at secondary school in Pardubice, he moved to Prague. In 1907, Kaspar graduated at the Czech Technical University in Prague. Later, he continued his studies in Germany where he concentrated on aircraft engine construction. Following that, he has worked as a builder in the Laurin & Klement factory. Together with his colleague, engineer Hieronimus, Kaspar participated in construction of the first aircraft engine in the Czech lands. His passion for aviation forced him to leave the company where, together with his cousin Evzen Cihak, he devoted himself solely to aircraft construction.

His first attempts to construct a monoplane were inspired by the model Antoinette by the French designer Hubert Latham. In 1909, during the construction of his own monoplane, Kaspar heard about Bleriot's successful flight from Calais to Dover. Kaspar had completed his own aircraft, but he was unable to take off. Some of his first attempts nearly cost him his life. He decided to buy a Bleriot XI (No. 76) by the French manufacturer. At first, he equipped the Bleriot XI with his own engine, but later switched to an engine made by Anzani.

On 16 April 1910, Kaspar made his first successful flight with the Bleriot XI. The flight covered two kilometres at a height 20–25 metres. This day became a celebrated milestone in Czech aviation because of the flight and Kaspar being the first pilot of Czech nationality. Despite this, Kaspar was not the first person to fly these relatively new inventions in the Czech lands. In January, 1910, French pilot Gaubert flew over the aerodrome in the Velka Chuchle district of Prague. German aviator Otto Hieronymus, the chief engineer at Laurin & Klement, undertook his flight two weeks before Kaspar.

A year later, in 1911, Kaspar managed to construct his own functional aircraft which he called JK. With this aircraft, he planned to embark on the first long-haul flight in the Czech lands. The first test flight took place on 30 April 1911, from Pardubice to Chrudim and back. The same day Kaspar also made the first flight with a passenger, his cousin Cihak. Kaspar's most famous flight took place on 13 May 1911. Departing Pardubice to Velka Chuchle (121 km) the flight lasted 92 minutes. At that time, it was the longest flight in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Kaspar later donated the aircraft which he had flown for that historical flight to the National Technical Museum in Prague where it remains today.

Kaspar's later years were marked by personal tragedy and financial hardship. Following World War I he lost his financial resources and fell into poverty. In 1927, impoverished and suffering from mental illness, Jan Kaspar committed suicide in Pardubice.