James Spaulding (born July 30, 1937) is a jazz saxophonist and flutist.

Born in Indianapolis, Indiana, Spaulding attended the Chicago Cosmopolitan School of Music. From 1957–1961, he was a member of Sun Ra's band. In the 1960s he worked as a studio musician at Blue Note Records, recording with Wayne Shorter, Joe Henderson, and Stanley Turrentine. He was a member of Freddie Hubbard's quintet and the World Saxophone Quartet.
1976: James Spaulding Plays the Legacy of Duke (Storyville)1988: Gotstabe a Better Way (Muse)1988: Brilliant Corners (32 Records)1991: Songs of Courage (Muse)1993: Blues Nexus (Muse)1997: Smile of the Snake (HighNote)1999: Escapade (HighNote)2001: Blues Up & Over (Speetones)2005: Round to It Vol. 2 (Speetones)2006: Down With It (Marge)With Kenny Barron
Lucifer (Muse, 1975)With Art Blakey
Golden Boy (Colpix, 1964)With Richard Davis
Harvest (Muse, 1977 [1979])With Grant Green
Solid (Blue Note, 1964)With Freddie Hubbard
Hub-Tones (Blue Note, 1962)Breaking Point! (Blue Note, 1964)Blue Spirits (Blue Note, 1964)The Night of the Cookers (Blue Note, 1965)Backlash (Atlantic, 1967)High Blues Pressure (Atlantic 1967)The Black Angel (Atlantic 1969)With Bobby Hutcherson
Components (Blue Note 1965)Patterns (Blue Note 1968)With McCoy Tyner
Tender Moments (Blue Note 1968)With Hank Mobley
A Slice of the Top (Blue Note)With Lee Morgan
Standards (1967) (Blue Note)With David Murray
Hope Scope (Black Saint, 1987)David Murray Big Band (DIW/Columbia, 1991)Picasso (1993)Dark Star: The Music of the Grateful Dead (1996)Octet Plays Trane (1999)With William Parker
Wood Flute Songs (AUM Fidelity, 2013)With Duke Pearson
Wahoo! (Blue Note 1964)Honeybuns (Atlantic 1965)Prairie Dog (Atlantic 1966)Sweet Honey Bee (Blue Note 1966)With Sam Rivers
Dimensions & Extensions (1967)With Max Roach
Drums Unlimited (Atlantic, 1965)With Pharoah Sanders
Karma (1969)With Woody Shaw
Woody III (Columbia, 1979)For Sure! (Columbia, 1979)With Wayne Shorter
The Soothsayer (Blue Note 1965)The All Seeing Eye (Blue Note 1965)Schizophrenia (Blue Note 1967)With Horace Silver
The Jody Grind (Blue Note 1966)With Sun Ra
Visits Planet Earth (1957–1958)The Nubians of Plutonia (1958)Jazz in Silhouette (1959)Sound Sun Pleasure!! (1959)Somewhere Else (Rounder, 1988–89)Purple Night (A&M, 1990)With Charles Tolliver
Impact (Strata-East, 1975)With Stanley Turrentine
The Return of the Prodigal Son (1967)Rough n'Tumble (Blue Note 1966)The Spoiler (Blue Note 1967)With Tyrone Washington
Natural Essence (Blue Note 1967)With Larry Young
Of Love and Peace (Blue Note 1966)With Kamal Abdul-Alim
Dance (1983)