Country India District Bankura PIN 722205 (Indas) Elevation 49 m Literacy 71.8% Area code 03244 | State West Bengal Time zone IST (UTC+5:30) Telephone/STD code 03244 Area 255.1 km² Population 169,783 (2011) | |
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Indas (also spelled Indus) is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Bishnupur subdivision of Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Contents
From Bishnupur kingdom to the British Raj
From around the 7th century AD till around the advent of British rule, for around a millennium, history of Bankura district is identical with the rise and fall of the Hindu Rajas of Bishnupur. The Bishnupur Rajas, who were at the summit of their fortunes towards the end of the 17th century, started declining in the first half of the 18th century. First, the Maharaja of Burdwan seized the Fatehpur Mahal, and then the Maratha invasions laid waste their country.
Bishnupur was ceded to the British with the rest of Burdwan chakla in 1760. In 1787, Bishnupur was united with Birbhum to form a separate administrative unit. In 1793 it was transferred to the Burdwan collectorate. In 1879, the district acquired its present shape with the thanas of Khatra and Raipur and the outpost of Simplapal being transferred from Manbhum, and the thanas of Sonamukhi, Kotulpur and Indas being retransferred from Burdwan. However, it was known for sometime as West Burdwan and in 1881 came to be known as Bankura district.
Geography
Indas is located at 23°09′00″N 87°37′00″E.
Indas CD Block is located in the eastern part of the district and belongs to the fertile low lying alluvial plains, similar to the predominating rice lands in the adjacent districts of West Bengal. Here, the eye constantly rests on wide expanses of rice fields, green in the rains but parched and dry in summer.
Indas CD Block is bounded by Khandaghosh CD Block, in Bardhaman district, on the north and the east, Kotulpur and Joypur CD Blocks on the south and Patrasayer CD Blocks on the west.
It is located 68 km from Bankura, the district headquarters.
Indas CD Block has an area of 254.99 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 129 gram sansads (village councils), 131 mouzas and 129 inhabited villages. Indas police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Indas.
Gram panchayats of Indas block/ panchayat samiti are: Akui I, Akui II, Amrul, Dighalgram, Indus I, Indus II, Karisunda, Mangalpur, Rol and Sahaspur.
Population
As per the 2011 Census of India Indas CD Block had a total population of 169,783, all of which were rural. There were 86,697 (51%) males and 83,086 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 18,624. Scheduled Castes numbered 74,281 (43.75%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 3,143 (1.85%).
As per 2001 census, Indas block had a total population of 152,829, out of which 78,324 were males and 74,505 were females. Indas block registered a population growth of 15.48 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 15.15 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Indas CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Somsar (4,431), Akui (6,115) and Kharsi (4,206).
Other villages in Indas CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Indas (2,479), Shaspur (3,902), Karisunda (3,608), Amrul (2,093), Rol (3,858), Mangalpur (2,665) and Dighalgram (3,033).
Literacy
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Indas CD Block was 108,569 (71.76% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 60,972 (78.96% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 47,497 (64.23%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.73%.
As per the 2011 census, literacy in Bankura district was 70.26%, up from 63.44 in 2001 and 52.00% in 1991. Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011. Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
Language and religion
Bengali is the local language in these areas.
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 139,180 and formed 81.98% of the population in Indas CD Block. Muslims numbered 30,060 and formed 17.70% of the population. Christians numbered 37 and formed 0.02% of the population. Others numbered 506 and formed 0.30% of the population. Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria, and other religious communities.
BPL families
In Indas CD Block 30.8% families were living below poverty line in 2007.
Infrastructure
128 or 98% of mouzas in Indas CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014.
160 mouzas in Indas CD Block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 99 fertiliser depots, 12 seed stores and 48 fair price shops in the CD Block.
Agriculture
In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Indas CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 11.10%, patta (document) holders 3.18%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.34%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 21.83% and agricultural labourers 57.55%.
In 2003-04 net area sown Indas CD Block was 20,482 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 7,400 hectares.
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Indas CD Block was 20,803 hectares, out of which 13,001 hectares was by canal water, 200 hectares by tank water, 420 hectares by river lift irrigation, 538 hectares by deep tube well and 6,644 hectares by shallow tubewell.
In 2013-14, Indas CD Block produced 3,726 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 1,646 hectares, 4,380 tonnes of Aus paddy from 1,853 hectares, 12,370 tonnes of Boro paddy from 4,422 hectares, 452 tonnes of wheat from 235 hectares and 6,368,000 tonnes of potatoes from 940 hectares. It also produced pulses and mustard.
Handloom and pottery industries
The handloom industry engages the largest number of persons in the non farm sector and hence is important in Bankura district. The handloom industry is well established in all the CD Blocks of the district and includes the famous Baluchari saris. In 2004-05 Indas CD Block had 339 looms in operation.
Bankura district is famous for the artistic excellence of its pottery products that include the famous Bankura horse. The range of pottery products is categorised as follows: domestic utilities, terracota and other decorative items and roofing tiles and other heavy pottery items. Around 3,200 families were involved in pottery making in the district in 2002. 166 families were involved in Indas CD Block.
Banking
In 2013-14, Indas CD Block had offices of 4 commercial banks and 4 gramin banks.
Transport
In 2013-14, Indas CD Block had 2 ferry services and 6 originating/ terminating bus routes.
The Bankura-Masagram line (formerly Bankura Damodar Railway) of South Eastern passes through this CD Block. There is a station at Indas, 68.5 km from Bankura. As of September 2016, DEMU services were available between Bankura and Mathnasibpur.
The State Highway 8 (West Bengal) running from Santaldih (in Purulia district) to Majhdia (in Nadia district) passes through this CD Block.
Education
In 2013-14, Indas CD Block had 145 primary schools with 14,380 students, 19 middle schools with 2,379 students, 11 high schools with 5,079 students and 11 higher secondary schools with 11,294 students. Indas CD Block had 1 general college with 1,652 students and 275 institutions for special and non-formal education with 9,110 students.
Healthcare
In 2014, Indas CD Block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres with total 50 beds and 6 doctors. It had 25 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 7,839 patients were treated indoor and 172,729 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.