Hylarana golden-backed frogs , is a widespread genus of true frogs found in tropical Africa, Asia , and Australia. It includes around 84 to 96 valid species .
The generic name Hylarana derives from New Latin hyle ("wood" or "forest") and rana ("frog"). Hylarana was previously considered to be a subgenus of the genus Rana Hylarana in 2006, but are now treated again as junior synonyms of Hylarana .
Hylarana belongs to the subfamily Raninae of the true frog family Ranidae.
Hylarana are small to large-sized frogs. Males have an average snout-vent length of 27 to 85 mm (1.1 to 3.3 in), while females range from 38 to 92 mm (1.5 to 3.6 in). The nares (nostrils) are oval in shape and covered by a flap of skin. The tympanum is visible but is not covered by a supratympanic fold. Vomerine teeth and a pineal ocellus (parietal eye) are present. The toes are webbed, but the fingers are not.
Species of Hylarana are found from Sri Lanka to the Western Ghats of India , through Nepal and southern China and Taiwan , down to Southeast Asia to the Philippines and Papua New Guinea , and in Northern Australia . They are also found in tropical Africa.
Hylarana currently contains around 84 to 96 valid species, they are:
Hylarana albolabris (Hallowell, 1856) Hylarana albotuberculata (Inger, 1954) - Cabalian frogHylarana amnicola Perret, 1977 Hylarana arfaki (Meyer, 1875) - Arfak Mountains frogHylarana asperrima Perret, 1977 Hylarana attigua (Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999) Hylarana aurantiaca (Boulenger, 1904) - golden frog, small wood frog, common wood frog, Boulenger's golden-backed frogHylarana aurata (Günther, 2003) Hylarana banjarana (Leong and Lim, 2003) Hylarana baramica (Boettger, 1900) - masked rough-sided frog, golden-eared rough-sided frog, Baram River frog, or brown marsh frogHylarana caesari (Biju et al. , 2014) - Maharashtra golden-backed frogHylarana celebensis (Peters, 1872) Hylarana chalconota (Schlegel , 1837) Hylarana chitwanensis (Das, 1998) Hylarana crassiovis (Boulenger, 1920) Hylarana cubitalis (Smith, 1917) Hylarana daemeli (Steindachner, 1868) - Australian wood frogHylarana darlingi (Boulenger, 1902) Hylarana debussyi (Van Kampen, 1910) Hylarana doni (Biju et al. , 2014) - Don's golden backed frogHylarana elberti (Roux, 1911) Hylarana erythraea (Schlegel, 1837) - common green frog, green paddy frog, leaf frog, or red-eared frogHylarana eschatia (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009) Hylarana everetti (Boulenger, 1882) Hylarana faber (Ohler, Swan, and Daltry, 2002) Hylarana flavescens (Jerdon, 1853) - Yellowish golden-backed frogHylarana florensis (Boulenger, 1897) - Floresian frogHylarana fonensis (Rödel and Bangoura, 2004) Hylarana galamensis (Duméril and Bibron, 1841) Hylarana garoensis (Boulenger, 1920) Hylarana garritor (Menzies, 1987) Hylarana glandulosa (Boulenger, 1882) - rough-sided frog or glandular frogHylarana gracilis (Gravenhorst, 1829) - Gravenhorst's frog, Gravenhorst's golden-backed frogHylarana grandocula (Taylor, 1920) Hylarana grisea (Van Kampen, 1913) Hylarana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) - Günther's frogHylarana hekouensis Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2008 - Hekou frogHylarana indica (Biju et al. , 2014) - Indian golden-backed frogHylarana intermedius (Rao, 1937) - Rao's golden-backed frogHylarana igorota (Taylor, 1922) Hylarana jimiensis (Tyler, 1963) Hylarana kampeni (Boulenger, 1920) Hylarana kreffti (Boulenger, 1882) Hylarana labialis (Boulenger, 1887) - forest white-lipped frogHylarana laterimaculata (Barbour and Noble, 1916) - lesser swamp frogHylarana latouchii (Boulenger, 1899) Hylarana lemairei (de Witte, 1921) Hylarana leptoglossa (Cope, 1868) - long-tongued frog, Cope's Assam frog, or Cope's frogHylarana lepus (Andersson, 1903) Hylarana longipes (Perret, 1960) Hylarana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) - mahogany frog or purple frogHylarana luzonensis (Boulenger, 1896) Hylarana macrodactyla Günther, 1858 - Guangdong frog, three-striped grass frog, or marbled slender frogHylarana macrops (Boulenger, 1897) Hylarana malabarica (Tschudi , 1838) - fungoid frog, Malabar fungoid frogHylarana mangyanum (Brown and Guttman, 2002) Hylarana maosonensis Bourret, 1937 Hylarana magna (Biju et al. , 2014) - Large golden-backed frogHylarana margariana Anderson, 1879 Hylarana megalonesa (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009) Hylarana melanomenta (Taylor, 1920) Hylarana menglaensis Fei, Ye, and Xie, 2008 Hylarana milleti (Smith, 1921) Hylarana milneana (Loveridge, 1948) Hylarana mocquardi (Werner, 1901) Hylarana moellendorffi (Boettger, 1893) Hylarana moluccana (Boettger, 1895) Hylarana montanus (Rao, 1922) - Mountain golden backed frogHylarana montivaga (Smith, 1921) Hylarana mortenseni (Boulenger, 1903) Hylarana nicobariensis (Stoliczka, 1870) Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) - sapgreen stream frogHylarana novaeguineae (Van Kampen, 1909) Hylarana occidentalis (Perret, 1960) Hylarana papua (Lesson, 1826) Hylarana parkeriana (Mertens, 1938) Hylarana parvacola (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009) Hylarana persimilis (Van Kampen, 1923) Hylarana picturata (Boulenger, 1920) - spotted stream frogHylarana raniceps (Peters, 1871) Hylarana rufipes (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009) Hylarana scutigera (Andersson, 1916) Hylarana serendipi (Biju et al. , 2014) - Sri Lankan golden backed frogHylarana siberu (Dring, McCarthy, and Whitten, 1990) - Siberut Island frogHylarana signata (Günther, 1872) - striped stream frogHylarana similis (Günther, 1873) Hylarana spinulosa (Smith, 1923) Hylarana sreeni (Biju et al. , 2014) - Sreeni's golden-backed frogHylarana supragrisea (Menzies, 1987) Hylarana taipehensis (Van Denburgh, 1909) - two-striped grass frogHylarana temporalis (Günther, 1864) - bronzed frog, Günther's golden-backed frogHylarana tipanan (Brown, McGuire, and Diesmos, 2000) Hylarana tytleri Theobald, 1868 Hylarana urbis (Biju et al. , 2014) - Urban golden-backed frogHylarana volkerjane (Günther, 2003) Hylarana waliesa (Kraus and Allison, 2007) 
