Traditional Chinese 馬伯樂 Hanyu Pinyin Name Henri Maspero Fields History of China | Simplified Chinese 马伯乐 Wade–Giles Ma Po-le Parents Gaston Maspero Children Francois Maspero | |
 | ||
Born Henri Paul Gaston Maspero
15 December 1883
Paris, France ( 1883 -12-15 ) Institutions La Sorbonne
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes Academic advisors Edouard Chavannes
Sylvain Levi Died March 17, 1945, Buchenwald concentration camp, Weimar, Germany Education Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales Books Taoism and Chinese religion, China in antiquity | ||
Henri Paul Gaston Maspero (15 December 1883 – 17 March 1945) was a French sinologist and professor who contributed to a variety of topics relating to East Asia. Maspero is best known for his pioneering studies of Daoism.
Life and career
Henri Maspero was born on 15 December 1883 in Paris, France. His father, Gaston Maspero, was a famous French Egyptologist who was of Italian ancestry. Maspero was also Jewish. After studies in history and literature, in 1905 he joined his father in Egypt, and later published the study Les Finances de l'Egypte sous les Lagides. After returning to Paris in 1907, he studied the Chinese language under Edouard Chavannes and law at Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales. In 1908, he went to Hanoi, studying at the Ecole francaise d'Extreme-Orient.
In 1918 he succeeded to Edouard Chavannes in the Chair of Chinese at the College de France. He published his monumental La Chine Antique in 1927. During the following years he replaced Marcel Granet for the chair of Chinese civilisation at the Sorbonne, directed the department of Chinese religions at the Ecole pratique des hautes etudes, and was selected to be a member of the Academie des inscriptions et belles-lettres.
On 26 July 1944, Maspero and his wife, who were still living in Nazi-occupied Paris, were arrested because of their son's involvement with the French Resistance. Maspero was sent to the Buchenwald concentration camp, where he endured its brutal conditions for over six months before dying on 17 March 1945, aged 61, only three weeks before the camp's liberation by the U.S. Third Army.