Headquarters Liverpool, England | ||
Formed 1 January 1975 (1 January 1975) Type Crown status non-departmental public body Agency executives Martin Temple, Chair
Richard Judge, Chief Executive Parent department Department for Work and Pensions Key document Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, ss.10-11 | ||
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is a non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom with its headquarters in Liverpool, England. It is the body responsible for the encouragement, regulation and enforcement of workplace health, safety and welfare, and for research into occupational risks in England and Wales and Scotland. Responsibility in Northern Ireland lies with the Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland. The HSE was created by the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, and has since absorbed earlier regulatory bodies such as the Factory Inspectorate and the Railway Inspectorate though the Railway Inspectorate was transferred to the Office of Rail Regulation in April 2006. The HSE is sponsored by the Department for Work and Pensions. As part of its work HSE investigates industrial accidents, small and large, including major incidents such as the explosion and fire at Buncefield in 2005. Though it formerly reported to the Health and Safety Commission, on 1 April 2008, the two bodies merged.
Contents
- Functions
- Structure and responsibilities
- Health and Safety Executive Science Division
- HM Inspectorate of Mines
- Offshore Safety Division
- OSHCR Occupational Safety Health Consultants Register
- Directors General of the Health and Safety Executive
- Deputy Directors General of the Health and Safety Executive
- Chair and Chief Executive of the Health and Safety Executive
- Heads of OSD
- Criticism
- References
Functions
The Executive's duties are to:
The Executive is further obliged to keep the Secretary of State informed of its plans and ensure alignment with the policies of the Secretary of State, giving effect to any directions given to it. The Secretary of State can give directions to the Executive.
On 1 April 2006, the Executive ceased to have responsibility for railway safety.
The Executive is responsible for the Employment Medical Advisory Service, which operates as part of its Field Operations Directorate.
Structure and responsibilities
Local authorities are responsible for the enforcement of health and safety legislation in shops, offices, and other parts of the service sector.
Agencies belonging to the HSE include
Health and Safety Executive, Science Division
Based in Buxton, Derbyshire, the Health and Safety Executive Science Division (HSL- Health & Safety Laboratory) employs over 350 people including scientists, engineers, psychologists, social scientists, health professionals and technical specialists.
It was established in 1921 under the Safety in Mines Research Board to carry out large-scale tests related to mining hazards. Following the formation of the HSE, in 1975 the facilities became a Safety Engineering Laboratory and an Explosion and Flame Research Laboratory, operating as part of the Research Laboratories Service Division of the HSE. In 1995 the HSL was formed, including the Buxton site and laboratories in Sheffield. In 2004 the Sheffield activities moved to Buxton, and the University of Sheffield took over the Sheffield laboratory site.
It now operates as an agency carrying out scientific research and investigations (e.g. on the Buncefield fire) for the HSE, other government agencies and the private sector.
HM Inspectorate of Mines
HM Inspectorate of Mines is responsible for the correct implementation and inspection of safe working procedures within all UK mine workings. It is based in Sheffield, South Yorkshire.
Offshore Safety Division
The Offshore Safety Division (OSD) was established as a division within HSE in April 1991. This was in response to recommendations of the Cullen Inquiry into the Piper Alpha disaster on 6 July 1988. At the time of the disaster the Department of Energy (DEn) was responsible for both production and offshore safety; this was perceived as entailing a conflict of interests. Dr Tony Barrell, Director of HSE’s Technology and Air Pollution Division was appointed Chief Executive of OSD, having previously been seconded to the DEn to lead the transfer of responsibilities. At the same time Ministerial oversight was transferred from the DEn to the Department of Employment. The Offshore Safety Act 1992 made the Mineral Workings (Offshore Installations) Act 1971 and its subsidiary Regulations relevant statutory provisions of the Health and Safety at work etc, Act 1974. The OSD’s initial responsibilities included the establishment of the Safety Case Regulations; a thorough review of existing safety legislation and the move towards a goal setting regulatory regime. OSD became part of the HSE’s new Hazardous Installations Directorate in 1999; it became part of the new Energy Division in 2013.
OSHCR (Occupational Safety & Health Consultants Register)
The HSE currently administrates the Occupational Safety & Health Consultants Register (OSHCR), a central register of registered safety consultants within the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland. The intention of the HSE is to pass responsibility of operating the register to the relevant trade & professional bodies once the register is up and running.
Directors General of the Health and Safety Executive
John Howard Locke CB (born 26 December 1923, died 26 September 1998) January 1975 - December 1983.
John David Rimington CB (born 27 June 1935) January 1984 - 30 June 1995.
Jennifer (Jenny) Helen Bacon CB (born 16 April 1945) 3 July 1995 - 30 Sept 2000.
Timothy Edward Hanson Walker CB (born 27 July 1945) 1 Oct 2000 - November 2005.
Geoffrey John Freeman Podger CB (born 3 August 1952) November 2005 - 31 March 2008.
The HSE and the Health and Safety Commission merged on 1 April 2008.
Deputy Directors General of the Health and Safety Executive
Lois Audrey Pittom CB (1918-1990), 1975-78
H.J.(John) Dunster CB (1923-2006), 1975-87
Dr Kenneth P Duncan, 1978-
David Eves CB, 1989-2002
Jenny Bacon CB, 1992-95
Richard Hillier CB, 1996-2001
Kate Timms, 2001-04
Justin McCracken, 2002-08
Jonathan Rees, 2004-08
The HSE and the Health and Safety Commission merged on 1 April 2008.
Chair and Chief Executive of the Health and Safety Executive
Chairs: Dame Judith Elizabeth Hackitt CBE (born 1 December 1954) 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2016.
George Brechin interim chair April 2016.
Martin Temple CBE, 1 May 2016 - date.
Chief Executives:
Geoffrey John Freeman Podger CB (born 3 August 1952) 1 April 2008 - 31 August 2013.
(Denis) Kevin Myers CBE (born 30 September 1954) Acting Chief Executive 1 September 2013 - 9 November 2014.
Richard Judge (born 2 November 1962) 10 November 2014 - date.
Heads of OSD
Dr Anthony (Tony) Charles Barrell (b.1933) CB, FEng, BSc, D Eng, FIChemE, Eur Ing (Chief Executive), April 1991 - June 1994.
Roderick Stuart Allison (b.1936), CB, (Chief Executive) July 1994 - 1996.
Dr Allan Sefton, 1996 - June 2000.
T.A.F. Powell, June 2000 - December 2005.
Ian Whewell, January 2006 - October 2009.
Steve Walker, October 2009 - March 2013.
Criticism
Some of the criticism of HSE has been that its procedures are inadequate to protect safety. For example, the public enquiry by Lord Gill into the Stockline Plastics factory explosion criticised the HSE for "inadequate appreciation of the risks associated with buried LPG pipework…and a failure properly to carry out check visits". However, most criticism of the HSE is that their regulations are over-broad, suffocating, and part of a nanny state. The Daily Telegraph has claimed that the HSE is part of a "compensation culture," that it is undemocratic and unaccountable, and that its rules are costing jobs.
However, the HSE denies this, saying that much of the criticism is misplaced because it relates to matters outside the HSE's remit. The HSE also responded to criticism by publishing a "Myth of the Month" section on its website between 2007 and 2010, which it described as "exposing the various myths about ‘health and safety’". This has become a political issue in the UK. The Lord Young report, published in October 2010, recommended various reforms aiming "to free businesses from unnecessary bureaucratic burdens and the fear of having to pay out unjustified damages claims and legal fees."