adiaphoraἀδιάφορα: indifferent things, neither good nor bad.
agathosἀγαθός: good, proper object of desire.
anthrôposἄνθρωπος: human being, used by
Epictetus to express an ethical ideal.
apatheiaἀπάθεια: serenity, peace of mind, such as that achieved by the Stoic sage.
aphormêἀφορμή: aversion, impulse not to act (as a result of
ekklisis). Opposite of
hormê.
aproêgmenaἀπροηγμένα: dispreferred things. Morally indifferent but naturally undesirable things, such as illness. Opposite of
proêgmena.
aretêἀρετή: Virtue. Goodness and human excellence.
askêsisἄσκησις: disciplined training designed to achieve virtue.
ataraxiaἀταραξία: tranquillity, untroubled by external things.
autarkeiaαὐτάρκεια: self-sufficiency, mental independence of all things.
daimônδαίμων: divine spirit within humans.
diairesisδιαίρεσις: analysis, division into parts. Used when distinguishing what is subject to our power of choice from what is not.
dikaiosyneδικαιοσυνε: justice, "consonant with the law and instrumental to a sense of duty" (Diogenes Laertius 7.98). One of the four virtues (justice, courage, temperance, wisdom/prudence).
dogmaδόγμα: principle established by reason and experience.
doxaδόξα: belief, opinion.
ekklisisἔκκλισις: aversion, inclination away from a thing. Opposite of
orexis.
ekpyrôsisἐκπύρωσις: cyclical conflagration of the Universe.
eph' hêminἐφ' ἡμῖν: up to us, what is in our power, i.e. the correct use of impressions.
epistêmêἐπιστήμη: certain and true knowledge, over and above that of
katalêpsis.
eudaimoniaεὐδαιμονία: happiness, well-being.
eupatheiaεὐπάθεια: good feeling (as contrasted with
pathos), occurring in the Stoic sage who performs correct (virtuous) judgements and actions.
hêgemonikonἡγεμονικόν: ruling faculty of the mind.
heimarmenêεἱμαρμένη: fate, destiny.
hormêὁρμή: positive impulse or appetite towards an object (as a result of
orexis). Opposite of
aphormê.
hylêὕλη: matter, material.
kalosκάλος: beautiful. Sometimes used in a moral sense: honourable, virtuous.
katalêpsisκατάληψις: clear comprehension and conviction.
kathêkonκαθῆκον: duty, appropriate action on the path to Virtue.
kosmosκόσμος: order, world, universe.
logikosλογικός: rational.
logosλόγος: reason, explanation, word. Also, the ordering principle in the
kosmos.
logos spermatikosλόγος σπερματικός: the generative principle of the Universe which creates and takes back all things.
nomosνόμος: law, custom.
oiêsisοἴησις: opinion, usually arrogant or self-conceited.
oikeiôsisοἰκείωσις: self-ownership and extension. The process of self-awareness in all animals, which in humans leads to a sense of community.
orexisὄρεξις: desire, inclination towards a thing, Opposite of
ekklisis.
ousiaοὐσία: substance, being.
paideiaπαιδεία: training, education.
palingenesiaπαλιγγενεσία: periodic renewal of the world associated with
ekpyrôsis.
pathosπάθος: passion or emotion, often excessive and based on false judgements.
phantasiaφαντασία: impression, appearance, the way in which something is perceived.
physisφύσις: nature.
pneumaπνεῦμα: air, breath, spirit, often as a principle in Stoic physics.
proêgmenaπροηγμένα: preferred things. Morally indifferent but naturally desirable things, such as health. Opposite of
aproêgmena.
pro(h)airesisπροαίρεσις: free will, reasoned choice, giving or withholding assent to impressions.
prokopêπροκοπή: progress, on the path towards wisdom.
prolêpsisπρόληψις: preconception possessed by all rational beings.
psychêψυχή: mind, soul, life, living principle.
sophosσοφός: wise person, virtuous sage, and the ethical ideal.
synkatathesis (or sunkatathesis)συγκατάθεσις: assent, approval to impressions, enabling action to take place.
sympatheiaσυμπάθεια: sympathy, affinity of parts to the organic whole, mutual interdependence.
technêτέχνη: craft, art. The practical application of knowledge, especially
epistêmê.
telosτέλος: goal or objective of life.
theôrêmaθεώρημα: general principle or perception.
theosθεός: god; associated with the order in the Universe.
tonosτόνος: tension, a principle in Stoic physics causing attraction and repulsion, and also the cause of virtue and vice in the soul.
