The Battle of Germantown on 4 October 1777 pitted a 9,000-man British army under General William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe against an 11,000-strong American army commanded by Major General George Washington. After an initial advance, the American reserve allowed itself to be diverted by 120 English soldiers holding out in the Benjamin Chew House. A heavy morning fog disoriented the American assault columns and led to a friendly fire incident between elements of Major General John Sullivan's right column and Major General Nathanael Greene's left column. At about this time, the American attack lost impetus and both columns retreated. Meanwhile, two wide flanking columns numbering 3,000 American militia had little effect on the outcome. American losses was numbered at 673 soldiers killed and wounded plus 400 captured, while the British suffered 520 casualties.
General Sir William Howe (9,000)
Brigadier General Sir William Erskine
40th Foot, Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Musgrave
1st Light Infantry Battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Abercromby of Airthrey14 light companies
2nd Light Infantry Battalion, Brigadier General Sir William Erskine, Major John Maitland14 light companies
General Sir William Howe
Guards Brigade: Brigadier General Edward MathewElements of 1st Foot Guards, 2nd Foot Guards, and 3rd Foot Guards Regiments
1st Battalion (488)
Grenadier company, Lieutenant Colonel Sir George Osborn (124)
Hyde's company (93)
Wrottesley's company (91)
Cox's company (90)
Garth's company (90)
2nd Battalion (451)
Stephen's company (88)
Murray's company (89)
O'Hara's company (87)
Martin's company (91)
Light company, Lieutenant Colonel Osborn (96)
1st Brigade: Major General James Grant
4th Foot
28th Foot
49th Foot
2nd Brigade: Major General Grant
5th Foot
27th Foot
55th Foot
Reinforcements: Lieutenant General Charles, Earl Cornwallis, Lieutenant Colonel Henry Monckton1st Grenadier Battalion
2nd Grenadier Battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Henry Monckton
Unbrigaded:
Queen's Rangers: Colonel James Weymss
Light Dragoons (2 squadrons)
thumb|right|upright=0.7|alt=Black and white print of a bewigged Wilhelm von Knyphausen wearing a metal cuirass|Wilhelm von Knyphausen Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen
Hessian Jaegers: Lieutenant Colonel Ludwig von Wurmb
3rd Brigade: Major General Charles Grey
15th Foot
17th Foot
44th Foot
4th Brigade: Major General James Agnew †
33rd Foot
37th Foot
46th Foot
64th Foot
Hessian Brigade: Major General Johann Daniel Stirn
Erbprinz Infantry Regiment
Donop Infantry Regiment
Reinforcements: Colonel Carl von DonopGrenadier Battalion Minningerode
Grenadier Battalion Linsing
Major General George Washington (8,000 regulars, 3,000 militia, 200 cavalry)
Brigadier General John Armstrong, Sr. (1,500)
Pennsylvania Militia Brigade: Brigadier General James Potter
four light cannons
1st Philadelphia City Troop
Brigadier General William Smallwood (1,500)
Maryland Militia Brigade: Brigadier General Smallwood
New Jersey Militia Brigade: Brigadier General David Forman
Major General John Sullivan
Division: Major General Sullivan (1,000)1st Maryland Brigade: Colonel John Hoskins Stone
1st Maryland Regiment, Colonel John Hoskins Stone
3rd Maryland Regiment
7th Maryland Regiment
1st Delaware Regiment, Colonel David Hall
2nd Maryland Brigade: Colonel Moses Hazen
2nd Maryland Regiment
4th Maryland Regiment, Colonel Josias Hall, Major John Eager Howard
6th Maryland Regiment
2nd Canadian Regiment, Colonel Moses Hazen
Division: Brigadier General Anthony Wayne (2,000 including Conway)1st Pennsylvania Brigade: Colonel Thomas Hartley
1st Pennsylvania Regiment
2nd Pennsylvania Regiment
7th Pennsylvania Regiment
10th Pennsylvania Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Adam Hubley
Hartley's Additional Continental Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Morgan Connor
2nd Pennsylvania Brigade: Colonel Richard Humpton
4th Pennsylvania Regiment
5th Pennsylvania Regiment
8th Pennsylvania Regiment
11th Pennsylvania Regiment
3rd Pennsylvania Brigade: Brigadier General Thomas Conway3rd Pennsylvania Regiment
6th Pennsylvania Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Josiah Harmar
9th Pennsylvania Regiment
12th Pennsylvania Regiment
Cavalry:
Delaware Horse: Captain Allen McLane
1st Continental Light Dragoons detachment: Colonel Theodorick Bland
4th Continental Light Dragoons detachment: Colonel Stephen Moylan
Major General Nathanael Greene
Connecticut Brigade: Brigadier General Alexander McDougall (1,000)2nd Connecticut Regiment
4th Connecticut Regiment
5th Connecticut Regiment, Colonel Philip Burr Bradley
7th Connecticut Regiment
Division: Major General Greene (1,500)1st Virginia Brigade: Brigadier General Peter Muhlenberg1st Virginia Regiment
5th Virginia Regiment
9th Virginia Regiment
13th Virginia Regiment
2nd Virginia Brigade: Brigadier General George Weedon
2nd Virginia Regiment
6th Virginia Regiment
10th Virginia Regiment
14th Virginia Regiment
Pennsylvania State Regiment, Colonel Walter Stewart
Division: Major General Adam Stephen (1,500)
3rd Virginia Brigade: Brigadier General William Woodford (absent)3rd Virginia Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel T. Will Heth
7th Virginia Regiment
11th Virginia Regiment
15th Virginia Regiment
4th Virginia Brigade: Brigadier General Charles Scott
4th Virginia Regiment
8th Virginia Regiment
12th Virginia Regiment
Cavalry: Brigadier General Count Casimir Pulaski
Major General William Alexander, Lord Stirling (1,200)
North Carolina Brigade: Brigadier General Francis Nash †1st North Carolina Regiment, Colonel Thomas Clark
2nd North Carolina Regiment
3rd North Carolina Regiment, Colonel Jethro Sumner
4th North Carolina Regiment
5th North Carolina Regiment
6th North Carolina Regiment
7th North Carolina Regiment, Colonel James Hogun
8th North Carolina Regiment
9th North Carolina Regiment
New Jersey Brigade: Brigadier General William Maxwell1st New Jersey Regiment, Colonel Matthias Ogden
2nd New Jersey Regiment, Colonel Israel Shreve
3rd New Jersey Regiment, Colonel Elias Dayton
4th New Jersey Regiment
Artillery: Brigadier General Henry Knox
Pennsylvania Artillery: Colonel Thomas Proctor (two guns)
