Canada is regularly described as a trading nation as its total trade is worth more than two-thirds of its GDP (the second highest level in the G7 after Germany) Of that total trade, roughly 75% is done with countries which are part of free-trade agreements with Canada, primarily the United States through NAFTA. By the end of 2014, Canada bilateral trade hit C$1 trillion for the first time.
The North American Free Trade Agreement among Canada, the United States, and Mexico came into force on January 1, 1994, creating the largest free-trade region in the world. By 2014, the NAFTA area GDP was estimated to be over C$20 trillion with a market encompassing 474 million people. Building on that success, Canada continues to negotiate and has concluded free-trade agreements with more than 40 countries, most recently with South Korea, which represents Canada's first FTA with a partner in the Asia-Pacific region. As of 2016, Canada has also concluded two trade agreements that are potentially bigger than NAFTA: the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with the European Union and the twelve-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). If both are ratified, Canada will have free trade agreements with all of the G7 countries.
Canada is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since 1995.
The following is a list of countries Canada has current FTAs with. First is the name of the agreement. In parentheses, the abbreviation is given if applicable, countries involved if not previously stated, and the date of coming into force.
Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (Signed 12-Oct-1987, entered into force 01-Jan-1989, later superseded by NAFTA)
North American Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Jan-1994, includes Canada, U.S. and Mexico)
Canada-Israel Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Jan-1997, modernization ongoing)
Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 05-Jul-1997)
Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Nov-2002, modernization ongoing)
Canada-European Free Trade Association Free Trade Agreement (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein; entered into force 01-Jul-2009)
Canada-Peru Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Aug-2009)
Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement (Signed 21-Nov-2008, entered into force 15-Aug-2011; Canada's ratification of this FTA had been dependent upon Colombia's ratification of the "Agreement Concerning Annual Reports on Human Rights and Free Trade Between Canada and the Republic of Colombia" signed on 27-May-2010)
Canada-Jordan Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 28-June-2009, entered into force 01-Oct-2012)
Canada-Panama Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 14-May-2010, entered into force 01-April-2013)
Canada-Honduras Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 5-Nov-2013, entered into force on 01-Oct-2014)
Canada-South Korea Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 11-March-2014, entered into force 01-January-2015)
Trans-Pacific Partnership (signed 04-February-2016)
Canada-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement (signed 11-July-2016)
Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (concluded 05-August-2014)
The following is a list of countries Canada is currently making FTA negotiations with. First is the name of the agreement. In parentheses is the abbreviation if applicable and the countries involved if not previously stated.
Canada is negotiating bilateral FTAs with the following countries and trade blocs:
Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
Guatemala, Nicaragua and El Salvador
Dominican Republic
India
Japan
Morocco
Singapore
Andean Community (FTA's are already in force with Peru and Colombia)
Canada has been involved in negotiations to create the following regional trade blocks:
Canada-Central American Free Trade Agreement
Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA)
A foreign investment promotion and protection agreement (FIPA) is an agreement to promote foreign investing.
The following is a list of FIPAs in force, including date of entry into force.
Canada-Argentina Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(29 April 1993)
Canada-Armenia Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(29 March 1999)
Canada-Barbados Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(17 January 1997)
Canada-Benin Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(18 January 2013)
Canada-China Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(1 October 2014)
Canada-Costa Rica Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(29 September 1999)
Canada-Côte d'Ivoire Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(14 December 2015)
Canada-Croatia Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(30 January 2001)
Canada-Czech Republic Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(22 January 2012)
Canada-Ecuador Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(6 June 1997)
Canada-Egypt Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(3 November 1997)
Canada-Hungary Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(21 November 1993)
Canada-Jordan Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(14 December 2009)
Canada-Kuwait Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(19 February 2014)
Canada-Latvia Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(24 November 2011)
Canada-Lebanon Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(19 June 1999)
Canada-Panama Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(13 February 1998)
Canada-Peru Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(20 June 2007)
Canada-Philippines Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(13 November 1996)
Canada-Poland Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(22 November 1990)
Canada-Romania Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(23 November 2011)
Canada-Russian Federation Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(27 June 1991)
Canada-Serbia Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(27 April 2015)
Canada-Slovak Republic Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(14 March 2012)
Canada-Tanzania (Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(9 December 2013)
Canada-Thailand Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(24 September 2008)
Canada-Trinidad & Tobago Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(8 June 1996)
Canada-Ukraine Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(24 June 1995)
Canada-Uruguay Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(2 June 1999)
Canada-Venezuela Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement(28 January 1998)
The following is a list of FIPAs that have been concluded and signed, but have not yet entered into force.
Canada-Burkina Faso (April 2015)
Canada-Cameroon (March 2014)
Canada-Guinea (May 2015)
Canada-Hong Kong (February 2016)
Canada-Mali (November 2014)
Canada-Nigeria (May 2014)
Canada-Senegal (November 2014)
The following is a list of FIPA negotiations concluded, and are not in force. First is the country, then the date it was concluded.
Canada-Albania (November 2013)
Canada-Bahrain (February 2010)
Canada-Madagascar (August 2008)
Canada-Moldova (December 2013)
Canada-Zambia (March 2013)
The following is a list of FIPA negotiations that have not yet concluded.
Canada - Ghana
Canada - India
Canada - Kazakhstan
Canada - Kenya
Canada - Kosovo
Canada - FYROM
Canada - Mongolia
Canada - Pakistan
Canada - Tunisia
Canada - United Arab Emirates
