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Federal public defender organizations are public defender entities within a federal government, and federal public defenders are these organizations' employees.
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United States
In the United States, federal public defender organizations are entities in the United States Federal Government, and their staffs are federal employees. Federal public defenders handle criminal trials in United States Federal Court for alleged federal crime or criminal cases involving state law violations in which a federal court can assert federal jurisdiction.
History
The Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution as interpreted by the United States Supreme Court guarantees a criminal defendant the right to representation by an attorney in serious criminal prosecutions.
Chief federal public defender
The chief federal public defender is appointed to a four-year term by the United States courts of appeals of the circuit in which the defender organization is located. The United States Congress placed this appointment authority in the United States courts of appeals rather than with the United States district court in order to insulate federal public defenders from the involvement of the court before which the defender principally practices.
Organizations
There are two types of federal defender organizations: federal public defender organizations and community defender organizations. There are 81 authorized federal defender organizations. These organizations employ more than 3,100 lawyers, investigators, paralegals, and support personnel and serve 91 of the 94 federal judicial districts.
Cases
In 2014, the United States Sentencing Commission reported that there 75,998 federal criminal cases in which an offender was sentenced in United States federal court.