Formula C15H28O7P2 | Molar mass 382.3261 g/mol | |
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Human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase allosteric product inhibition
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), also known as farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), is an intermediate in both the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes, terpenoids, and sterols.
Contents
- Human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase allosteric product inhibition
- Human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase the full catalytic cycle
- Biosynthesis
- Pharmacology
- Related compounds
- References
It is used in the synthesis of CoQ (part of the electron transport chain), as well as being the immediate precursor of squalene (via the enzyme squalene synthase), dehydrodolichol diphosphate (a precursor of dolichol, which transports proteins to the ER lumen for N-glycosylation), and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP).
Human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase the full catalytic cycle
Biosynthesis
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (a prenyl transferase) catalyzes sequential condensation reactions of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate with 2 units of 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form farnesyl pyrophosphate, as is shown in the following two steps:
Pharmacology
The above reactions are inhibited by bisphosphonates (used for osteoporosis) .
Statin-induced rhabdomyolysis is due to the depletion of farnesyl-PPi, which leads to a depletion of CoQ in the electron transport chain of mitochondria, an organelle that is found in great numbers in myocytes.