 | ||
Equal Pay Day is the symbolic day dedicated to raising awareness of the gender pay gap. It was last celebrated on April 12, 2016; since this date symbolizes how far into the year women must work to earn what men earned in the previous year, the exact day differs both by year and by country. For example, Equal Pay Day in 2005 in the United States was on April 19. In 2016, the average female's salary in the United States was 79% of that of the average male.
Contents
Background
The symbolic day was first observed in 1996 by the National Committee on Pay Equity, a coalition of women's and civil rights organizations, labor unions, professional associations and individuals working to eliminate sex and race based wage discrimination and to achieve pay equity.
The gender pay gap is defined as the average difference between men’s and women’s aggregate hourly earnings. The wage gap is due to a variety of causes, such as differences in education choices, differences in preferred job and industry, differences in the types of positions held by men and women, differences in the type of jobs men typically go into as opposed to women (especially highly paid high risk jobs), differences in amount of work experience, difference in length of the work week, and breaks in employment. These factors resolve 60% to 75% of the pay gap, depending on the source. Various explanations for the remaining 25% to 40% have been suggested, including women's lower willingness and ability to negotiate salaries and discrimination. According to the European Commission direct discrimination either does not cause any gender wage differences or only explains a small part of it.
Germany
Equal pay day is more widely observed in Germany than it is in the United States, or elsewhere for that matter; for example, the online presence is far greater, such as the Equal Pay Day Wiki, the Equal Pay Day Wikipedia page in German, and this Equal Pay Day informational site (all links are in German). An interesting thing to note about Equal Pay Day in Germany is that it falls on different days than it does in the United States, because the wage gap in Germany is different and also because the formula used to calculate the Equal Pay Day date is different. Whereas in 2016 Equal Pay Date in the United States was observed on April 12, in Germany it was observed on March 19.
Other countries
The date on which Equal Pay Day is observed is different in every country due to differing formulas for observing the day and also due to different wage gaps.