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Energy in Indonesia

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Energy in Indonesia

Energy in Indonesia describes energy and electricity production, consumption, import and export in Indonesia. In 2009 Indonesia produced oil, coal, natural gas and palm oil, utilised also as energy raw material in 2010. Renewable energy potential in Indonesia is high: solar, wind, hydro and geothermal energy. Tropical rain forests and peat land areas have extensive coal storage. Indonesia is geologically unstable country. According to IEA Indonesia was the 10th top natural gas producer in 2009: 76 billion cubics (bcm) 2.5% of world production of which 36 bcm was exported. In 2009 Indonesia was the 5th top coal producer: 263 million tonnes hard coal and 38 million tonnes brown. The majority of this, 230 Mt of hard coal, was exported.

Contents

Overview

According to IEA energy production increased 34% and export 76% from 2004 to 2008 in Indonesia.

Transport sector

Much energy in Indonesia is used for domestic transportation.

Electricity sector

Access to electricity

Over 50% of households in 2011 had an electricity connection. An estimated 63 million people in 2011 did not have direct access to electricity.

Organisations

The electricity sector, dominated by the state-owned electricity utility Perusahaan Listrik Negara, is another major consumer of primary energy.

Major energy companies in Indonesia

Indonesian firms

  • Pertamina, the state-owned oil company
  • Perusahaan Listrik Negara, the state-owned electricity company.
  • Perusahaan Gas Negara, the state-owned gas company
  • PT Bumi Resources owned by the Bakrie Group
  • PT Medco Energi International, the largest publicly listed oil and gas company in Indonesia
  • Adaro Energy, one of the largest coal mining companies in Indonesia
  • Foreign firms

  • US-based firm PT Chevron Pacific Indonesia is the largest producer of crude oil in Indonesia; Chevron produces (2014) around 40% of the crude oil in Indonesia
  • Total E&P Indonesie which operates the East Mahakam field in Kalimantan and other fields
  • ExxonMobil is one of the main foreign operators in Indonesia
  • Statoil, a Norweigian multinational firm, which has been operating in Indonesia since 2007, especially in Eastern Indonesia
  • BP which is a major LNG operator in the Tangguh gas field in West Papua.
  • ConocoPhilips which currently operates four production-sharing contracts including at Natuna and in Sumatra.
  • Inpex, a Japanese firm established in 1966 as North Sumatra Offshore Petroleum Exploration Co. Ltd.
  • Global warming

    The CO2 emissions of Indonesia in total were over Italy in 2009. However, in all greenhouse gas emissions including construction and deforestation in 2005 Indonesia was 4. top after China, US and Brazil.

    Business

    According to Forbes list of billionaires (2011) most Indonesian billionaires have made their wealth or diversified with their wealth in coal or plantation business, including tobacco and palm oil plantations. Diversification includes hotels and construction

  • Coal 2011: Low Tuck Kwong Kiki Barki, Edwin Soeryadjaya, Garibaldi Thohir, Theodore Rachmat, Benny Subianto, Murdaya Poo
  • Coal 2013: According to Forbes Indonesian billionaires from coal business in 2013 were: 1) Low Tuck Kwong $1.7 B coal mining company Bayan Resources, 2) Theodore Rachmat $1.7 B palm oil business Triputra Agro Persada co-owned with Benny Subianto, 3) Edwin Soeryadjaya $1.3 B Adara Energy (coal), share in a plantation company, Interra Resources, an oil and gas exploration outfit, 4) Kiki Barki $1.2 B, 5) Garibaldi Thohir $1.15 B and 6) Benny Subianto, shareholders in coal miner Adaro Energy, holdings in palm oil producer Triputra Agro Persada and rubber manufacturer Kirana Megatara. $1.1 B.
  • Palm oil plantation 2011: Sukanto Tanoto Martua Sitorus,
  • 2013 Sukanto Tanoto $2.8 B, Royal Golden Eagle (RGE), palm oil firm Asian Agri, papermaker Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd. APRIL, and stake in cellulose producer Sateri Holdings.
  • R. Budi Hartono and Michael Hartono Tobacco Siblings also have palm oil interests; picked up 65,000 hectares of land in West Kalimantan in 2008. a luxury shopping mall, hotel complex in Jakarta
  • Palm oil producer Triputra Agro Persada will reportedly increase its planted area by about two-thirds by 2015.

    References

    Energy in Indonesia Wikipedia