Egyptian Expeditionary Force

History

Formed in the British protectorate of the Sultanate of Egypt, the initially small force was raised to guard the Suez Canal and Egypt. After the withdrawal from the Gallipoli Campaign the force grew into a large reserve force designed to provide reinforcements for the Western Front, while the Western Frontier Force fought in the Senussi Campaign from 1915 to 1917, and the Eastern Frontier Force defended the canal at the Battle of Romani in August 1916. Following the victory at Romani, part of Eastern Force pursued the Ottoman Empire invading force back to Palestine after the victories at the Battle of Magdhaba in December 1916 and the Battle of Rafa in January 1917, by which time Desert Column had been formed within Eastern Force. These victories which resulted in the recapture of substantial Egyptian territory were followed in March and April, by two EEF defeats on Ottoman Turkish Empire territory, at the First and Second Battles of Gaza in southern Palestine.

During the Stalemate in Southern Palestine from April to October 1917, Murray consolidated the EEF's position and in June General Edmund Allenby took command and began preparations to take the offensive, employing maneuver warfare He reorganised the force into the XX Corps, XXI Corps and Desert Mounted Corps formerly Desert Column. On 31 October two corps captured Beersheba defended by the Turkish III Corps (which had fought at Gallipoli), which weakened their defences stretching almost continually from Gaza to Beersheba. Subsequently the Battle of Tel el Khuweilfe, the Third Battle of Gaza and the Battle of Hareira and Sheria forced the withdrawal from Gaza on the night of 6/7 November at the beginning of the pursuit to Jerusalem. During the subsequent operations, about fifty miles (80 km) of formerly Turkish territory, was captured as a result of the EEF victories at the Battle of Mughar Ridge, fought between 10 and 14 November, and the Battle of Jerusalem fought between 17 November and 30 December. Serious losses on the Western Front in March 1918 during the German Spring Offensive, forced the British Empire to send reinforcements from the EEF. During this time, two unsuccessful attacks were made to capture Amman and to capture Es Salt in March and April 1918, before Allenby's force resumed the offensive, again employing manoeuvre warfare at the Battle of Megiddo. The successful infantry battles at the Battle of Tulkarm and the Battle of Tabsor, created gaps in the Ottoman front line, enabling the pursuit by the Desert Mounted Corps to encircle the infantry fighting in the Judean Hills when fighting occurred during the Battle of Nazareth, the Afulah, Beisan, the Jenin, the Battle of Samakh, and the capture of Tiberias. In the process the EEF destroyed three Turkish Armies during the Battle of Sharon, the Battle of Nablus and the Third Transjordan attack, capturing thousands of prisoners and large quantities of equipment. Subsequently the EEF pursued the surviving German and Turkish forces to Damascus, and Aleppo, before the Ottoman Turkish Empire agreed to the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, ending the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. The British Mandate of Palestine, and the French Mandate for Syria and Lebanon were created to administer the captured territories.

1916

Canal Defences (General Murray)

No.1 Section, Headquarters Suez – IX Corps (January to March)

No.2 Section, Headquarters Ismailia – I Anzac Corps (January to March)

Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade

(incomplete)

No.3 Section, Headquarters Port Said – (Major General H.A. Lawrence)

42nd (East Lancashire) Division52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W.E.B. Smith)Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division (Anzac Mounted Division) (Major General Sir H.G. Chauvel)No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps (Lieutenant Colonel E. H. Reynold)

Until almost the end of 1917, No. l Squadron, A.F.C., and No. 14 Squadron, R.F.C., were the sole flying units east of the Suez Canal.

General organisation in April 1916

General Headquarters

General Headquarters TroopsNo. 1 Section (IX Corps)No. 2 Section (II ANZAC)No. 3 Section (Anzac Mounted Division)Western Frontier ForceL. of C. Defence TroopsInspector-General of Communications

Order of battle April

General Headquarters

Commander in Chief – Lieutenant General (temp. General) A. J. Murray

Chief of General Staff – Major General A. L. Lynden-Bell

Headquarters of Administrative services and departments Army Signals, Work, Supplies and Transport, Railways, Ordnance, Remounts, Veterinary Services, Medical Services, Army Postal Services, Paymaster Inspector General of Communication and Levant Base

Anzac Mounted Division GOC Colonel (temp. Major General) H.G. Chauvel1st Light Horse Brigade (Western Force) GOC Lieutenant Colonel C. F. Cox (acting)2nd Light Horse Brigade GOC Colonel (temp. Brigadier General G. de L. Ryrie3rd Light Horse Brigade GOC Brevet Lieutenant Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) J. M AntillNew Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade GOC Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)

Divisional Troops

ArtilleryEngineersSignal ServiceArmy Service Corps (ASC)Medical Units

IX Corps GOC Major General (temp. Lieutenant General) F. J. Davies

Corps TroopsSignal Service

42nd (East Lancashire) Division GOC Major General W. Douglas

125th (Lancashire Fusiliers) Brigade GOC Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) H. C. Frith126th (East Lancashire) Brigade GOC Major (temp. Brigadier General) A. W. Tufnell127th (Manchester) Brigade GOC Lieutenant Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) V. A. Ormsby

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServiceASCMedical Units

3rd Dismounted Brigade (attached) GOC Lieutenant Colonel Lord Kensington (Acting)

1/1st Royal East Kent Yeomanry1/1st Queen's Own West Kent Yeomanry1/1st Sussex Yeomanry1/1st Welsh Horse1/1st Norfolk Yeomanry1/1st Suffolk YeomanryMachine Gun Company3rd Dismounted Brigade Signal Troop1/1st Eastern and 1/1st South Eastern Mounted Brigade Field Ambulances

54th (East Anglian) Division GOC Colonel (temp. Major General) S. W. Hare

161st (Essex) Brigade162nd (East Midland) Brigade163rd (Norfolk and Suffolk) Brigade

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServiceASCMedical Units

20th Indian Brigade (attached) GOC Brigadier General H. D. Watson

2/3rd Gurkhas58th RiflesAlwar Infantry (I.S.)Gwalior Infantry (I.S.)

29th Indian Brigade GOC Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) P. C. Palin

23rd Pioneers57th RiflesPatiala Infantry (I.S.)No. 10 Co. King's Own Sappers and Miners110, 121, 135 Indian Field Ambulances7th and 26th Mule Corps

II Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (II ANZAC) GOC Major General (temp. LIeutenant General) A. J. Godley

Corps Troops

4th Australian Division GOC Major General H. V. Cox

4th Australian Infantry Brigade

GOC Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) J. Monash

12th Australian Infantry Brigade13th Australian Infantry Brigade

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServicePioneersASCMedical Units

5th Australian Division GOC Colonel (temp Major General) J. W. McCay

8th Australian Infantry Brigade14th Australian Infantry Brigade15th Australian Infantry Brigade

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServicePioneersASCMedical Units

11th (Northern) Division GOC Major General E. A. Fanshawe

32nd Brigade33rd Brigade34th Brigade11th Manchester Regiment

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServicePioneersASCMedical Units

No. 3 Section Canal Defences GOC etc Headquarters 52nd Division

Corps TroopsEngineersSignal Service

52nd (Lowland) Division GOC Major General H. A. Lawrence

155th (South Scottish) Brigade156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServiceASCMedical Units

1st Dismounted Brigade (attached) GOC Temp Brigadier General Marquess of Tullibardine

1/1st Scottish Horse1/2nd Scottish Horse1/3rd Scottish Horse1/1st Ayr Yeomanry1/1st Lanark YeomanryMachine Gun Company1st Dismounted Brigade Signal Troop1/1st Scottish and 1/1st Lowland Mounted Brigade Field Ambulances

Western Frontier Force GOC Major General W. E. Peyton

Force Troops1/2nd County of London Yeomanry (attached)Royal Flying CorpsArtilleryInfantrySignal Service

North Western Section GOC etc Headquarters 53rd Division

53rd (Welsh) Division GOC Colonel (temp. Major General) A. G. Dallas

158th (North Wales) Brigade159th (Cheshire) Brigade160th (Welsh Border) Brigade

Divisional Troops

Mounted TroopsArtilleryEngineersSignal ServiceASCMedical Units

4th Dismounted Brigade (attached) GOC Temp Brigadier General John Stewart-Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine

1/1st Shropshire Yeomanry1/1st Denbighshire Yeomanry1/1st Cheshire Yeomanry1/1st Glamorgan Yeomanry1/1st Montgomeryshire Yeomanry1/1st Pembrokeshire YeomanryMachine Gun Company4th Dismounted Brigade Signal Troop1/1st Welsh Border and 1/1st South Wales Mounted Brigade Field Ambulances

22nd Mounted Brigade

1/1st Lincolnshire Yeomanry1/1st Staffordshire Yeomanry1/1st East Riding YeomanrySignal TroopMounted Brigade, ASCMounted Brigade Field Ambulance

Provisional Infantry Brigade (less Headquarters)

1/6th Royal Scots2/5th Devonshire Regiment2/7th Middlesex Regiment2/8th Middlesex Regiment2nd Garrison battalion, Liverpool Regiment2 Naval 4-inch guns1/2nd Kent Field Company RE

17th Motor Machine Gun Battery No. 1 Armoured Train

South Western Section GOC Colonel (temp Brigadier General) H. W. Hodgson

Mounted TroopsInfantrySignal Service

General Headquarters Troops

Mounted TroopsRoyal Flying Corps

Artillery

Heavy ArtilleryStokes Gun BatteriesAnti-Aircraft ArtilleryMountain ArtilleryArmoured Cars

Engineers

11th, 116, 276th Railway Companies RE

Signal Service

GHQ Signal CompanyNos 14 and 15 Airline Sections,NA, NB and VV Cable Sections

ASC

338th, 493rd, 619th Mechanical Transport Companies ASC

Transport

Camel Transport Corps59th, 62nd, 70th, 191st Camel Corps

Lines of Communication Defence Troops

Mounted TroopsInfantry

Alexandria District

Coast Defence Artillery

and Lines of Communications units of Infantry, Signal Service, Engineers, ASC, Medical Units, Ordnance Units, Veterinary Units and Postal Units.

Distribution, 27 July

Eastern Frontier No. 1 Section

8th Mounted Brigade54th (East Anglian) Division (less 163rd Brigade)20th Indian Brigade29th Indian Brigade

No. 2 Section

3rd Light Horse Brigade160th (Welsh Border) Brigade (53rd Division)163rd (Norfolk and Suffolk) Brigade (54th Division)British West Indies Brigade

No. 2a Section

42nd (East Lancashire) Division

No. 3 Section

Anzac Mounted Division5th Mounted Brigade52nd (Lowland) Division158th Brigade (53rd Division)1st Dismounted Brigade

Western Frontier

6th Mounted Brigade22nd Mounted BrigadePart 53rd Division2nd Dismounted Brigade4th Dismounted Brigade

No. 3 Section Canal Defences August

Canal Defences No. 3 Section Headquarters Kantara (included Romani) (Major General H.A. Lawrence)

Force Defending Romani on 4 August

52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W.E.B. Smith)Anzac Mounted Division (Major General Sir H.G. Chauvel)

Force moved to Romani during 4 August and took part in the battle

5th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General E.A. Wiggin)New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)

Force moved to Romani during 4 August and took part in the battle on 5 August

42nd (East Lancashire) Division3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade

Eastern Frontier Force

October 1916

Eastern Frontier Force, also known as Eastern Force, was formed in Cairo on 18 October 1916 with headquarters at Ismailia. The force was commanded by Lieutenant General C. M. Dobell, who had previously commanded Western Frontier Force. Eastern Force consisted of

52nd (Lowland) Division53rd (Welsh) Division54th (East Anglian) DivisionAnzac Mounted Division5th Mounted BrigadeImperial Camel Corps Brigade2 Light Car Patrols

No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps

Western Frontier Force

October 1916 to February 1917

Western Desert Force (Major General William Watson)

Egyptian Army troops Darfur

Order of battle 23 December

Anzac Mounted Division (Major General Chauvel)Imperial Camel Corps BrigadeHong Kong & Singapore Mountain Battery,Inverness-shire and Somerset Batteries Royal Horse ArtilleryNo. 1 Squadron Australian Flying CorpsNo. 14 Squadron Royal Flying Corps

Desert Column December

Desert Column Headquarters El Arish (Lieutenant General Sir Philip Chetwode)

42nd (East Lancashire) Division52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W. E. B. Smith)Anzac Mounted Division (Major General H. G. Chauvel)Imperial Camel Corps BrigadeRoyal Flying Corps 5th Wing stationed at Mustabig (Lieutenant Colonel W. G. H. Salmond)

1917

Royal Flying Corps in Egypt in January 1917

Headquarters Middle East Brigade5th Wing20th Reserve WingNo. 3 School of Military Aeronautics.

By January 1917 there were three smaller commands directly under GHQ EEF.

Western Force

Bikanir Camel Corps230th Brigade231st BrigadeDetachments R.A., dismounted (seven 15-pdr. guns, two 9-pdr. Krupp guns, two Naval 4-in. guns)5 Armoured Motor Batteries6 Light Car Patrols (Ford)Motor Machine Gun Battery1 Garrison Battalion

Alexandria District

103rd Local Company RGA5th Battalion British West Indies Regiment2 Garrison Battalions

Delta District

2nd Battalion North Lancs Regiment (from East Africa)1/4th Battalion Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (from Aden)5 Garrison Battalions

With the front line approaching Gaza, the defence of the Suez Canal was still part of Eastern Force but had been reduced to:

Northern Section Suez Canal

20th Indian Brigade1st Battalion British West Indies Regiment2nd Battalion British West Indies Regiment3 Garrison Battalions

Southern Section Suez Canal

Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade2 Companies Imperial Camel Corps267th Brigade RFA (53rd Division)272nd Brigade RFA (54th Division)229th Brigade (to form part of the 74th Division).

Order of Battle 9 January

Desert Column (Lieutenant General Chetwode)

Anzac Mounted Division (Major General Chauvel)Imperial Camel Corps Brigade5th Mounted BrigadeNo. 7 Light Car Patrol (six Ford cars equipped with machine guns)No. 1 Squadron Australian Flying CorpsNo. 14 Squadron Royal Flying Corps

Order of Battle March

Eastern Force (Lieutenant General Sir C. M. Dobell)

Imperial Camel Corps Brigade (Brigadier General S. Smith)52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W. E. B. Smith)54th (East Anglian) Division (Major General S. W. Hare)74th (Yeomanry) Division (Major General E. S. Girdwood)No. 7 Light Car PatrolNos. 11 and 12 Armoured Motor Batteries5th Wing Royal Flying Corps

Desert Column (Lieutenant General P. Chetwode)

53rd (Welsh) Division (Major General A. G. Dallas)Anzac Mounted Division (Major General H. G. Chauvel)Imperial Mounted Division (less 4th Light Horse Brigade) (Major General Henry West Hodgson)

Artillery

53rd (Welsh) Division (3 Brigades RFA 12 18–pdrs=24 guns) 4 of each battery only = 16 guns; 4 4.5-inch howitzers = 8 howitzer

54th (East Anglian) Division (3 Brigades RFA 12 18–pdrs=24 guns) 4 of each battery only = 16 guns; 4 4.5-inch howitzers = 8 howitzer

Anzac Mounted Division 4 Batteries RHA of 4 18–pdrs = 16 guns

Imperial Mounted Division 4 Batteries RHA of 4 18–pdrs = 16 guns

Imperial Camel Brigade 1 Camel Pack Battery of 6 2.75-inch = 6 guns

Army Troops (3 Batteries of 4 60–pdrs=12 guns) one section only = 6 guns

Organization in April 1917

General Headquarters

General Headquarters TroopsEastern ForceDelta and Western ForceAlexandria District

1st Garrison Battalion, Essex Regiment at Khartoum

Order of Battle April

General Headquarters Commander in Chief Lieutenant General (temp. General) A. J. Murray

Eastern Force GOC Major General (temp. Lieutenant General) C. M. Dobell Brigadier General General Staff Brevet Lieutenant Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) G. P. Dawnay

Force Troops

52nd (Lowland) Division GOC Brevet Colonel (temp. Major General) W. E. B. Smith

155th (South Scottish) Brigade156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade157th (Highland Light Infantry) BrigadeArtillery

53rd (Welsh) Division GOC Major General S. F. Mott

158th (North Wales) Brigade159th (Cheshire) Brigade160th (Welsh Border) BrigadeArtillery

(troops same as April 1916 oob)

54th (East Anglian) Division GOC Colonel (temp. Major General) S. W. Hare

161st (Essex) Brigade162nd (East Midland) Brigade163rd (Norfolk and Suffolk) BrigadeArtillery

(troops same as April 1916 oob)

74th (Yeomanry) Division GOC Brevet Lieutenant Colonel (temp. Major General) E. S. Girdwood

229th Brigade230th Brigade231st BrigadeDivisional Troops

Desert Column GOC Major General (temp. Lieutenant General) P. W. Chetwode

Anzac Mounted Division GOC Colonel (temp. Major General) H. G. Chauvel

Divisional Troops

ArtilleryEngineersSignal ServiceArmy Service Corps (ASC)Medical UnitsImperial Mounted Division GOC Colonel (temp. Major General) H. W. HodgsonDivisional Troops

Northern Canal Section GOC Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) H. D. Watson commander of 20th Indian Brigade

Mounted TroopsInfantryMedical Units

Delta and Western Force GOC Brevet Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) H. G. Casson

Mounted TroopsInfantryArtillerySignal ServiceASC

Alexandria District GOC Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) R. C. Boyle

Coast Defence ArtilleryInfantry

General Headquarters Troops

Royal Flying Corps Middle East Brigade RFC GOC Brevet Lieutenant Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) W. G. H. SalmondEngineersSignal ServiceASC

Southern Canal Section GOC Brevet Colonel (temp. Brigadier General) P. C. Palin in addition to GOC 29th Indian Brigade

Mounted TroopsEngineersInfantryASC

Cyprus Detachment

1st Garrison Battalion Royal Scots

and Lines of Communications controlled by GHQ including RFC "X" Aircraft Park (5th Wing), "X" Aircraft Depot for all Middle East units RFC, Engineers, Signal Service, ASC, Medical Units, Ordnance, Veterinary, Remounts and Postal Units.

Expansion of Desert Column June 1917

Desert Column was expanded to three divisions, commanded by Chauvel –

Anzac Mounted Division commanded by Major General ChaytorAustralian Mounted Division commanded by Major General HodgsonYeomanry Mounted Division commanded by Major General G. de S. BarrowArmy Troops

At the end of June 1917 General Allenby took command. At that time the Egyptian Expeditionary Force consisted of the British XX Corps and the British XXI Corps, under the command of Lieutenant Generals Philip Chetwode and Edward Stanislaus Bulfin, respectively, along with the Desert Mounted Corps commanded by Lieutenant General Harry Chauvel. The air component was the Palestine Brigade of the Royal Flying Corps (later the Royal Air Force) and the Australian Flying Corps.

Order of Battle October

XX Corps (Lieutenant General Sir R.W. Chetwode, Bart.)

10th (Irish) Division (Major General J.R. Longley)53rd (Welsh) Division (Major General S.F. Mott)60th (2/2nd London) Division (Major General J.S.M. Shea)74th (Yeomanry) Division (Major General E.S. Girdwood)Corps Cavalry Regiment – 1/2nd County of London YeomanryCorps Artillery – 96th Heavy Artillery Group

XXI Corps (Lieutenant General Sir E.S. Bulfin)

52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General J. Hill)54th (East Anglian) Division (Major General S.W. Hare)75th Division(Major General P.C. Palin)Corps Cavalry Regiment – Composite Yeomanry Regt.Corps Artillery – 97th, 100th, 102nd Heavy Artillery Groups20th Indian Brigade (Brigadier General H.D. Watson)

Desert Mounted Corps (Lieutenant General Sir H. Chauvel)

Anzac Mounted Division (Major General E.W.C. Chaytor)Australian Mounted Division (Major General Henry W. Hodgson)Yeomanry Mounted Division (Major General G. de S. Barrow)Corps Reserve

On establishment in 1916 and 1917, the first two mounted divisions had been supplied with 18–pounder artillery guns. In September 1917 these guns were replaced with 13-pounders, making the divisions "even more capable", according to Erickson.

General Headquarters Troops

Also in General Headquarters Troops were the

VIII Mountain Brigade RGA (10th and 11th Batteries of 3.7inch howitzers)IX Mountain Brigade RGA of "A" and "B" Batteries of 2.75 inch howitzers and the 12th Battery of 3.7 inch howitzers.

1918

The force initially consisted mostly of British and Egyptian troops, but most of the former were sent to the Western Front in early 1918 to help repel Germany's Spring Offensive. In the meantime, new troops were then dispatched from India, Australia, and New Zealand, in particular who made up a large portion of the army. Though it was feared that mostly Muslim Indian troops might desert and join Ottoman Empire forces in the region (who had declared a jihad against the Allies early in the war), this fear proved unfounded, as the Indians fought valiantly on the front lines of most of the army's major engagements. The force also included a small contingent of French and Italian troops. The forces of the Arab Revolt, led by Prince Feisal of Mecca, were also unofficially attached during Allenby's Damascus offensive.

The force's role evolved from a defense of Egypt to the invasion of Palestine which involved: the capture of Beersheba and Gaza in October–November 1917 (see Third Battle of Gaza), entering Jerusalem on December 11, 1917, and Allenby's successful campaign of 1918, resulting in the defeat of the Turks at Megiddo, and the capture of Damascus, Beirut, and Aleppo. The force's successes ultimately led to Turkey's exit from the war and the creation of the British Mandate of Palestine.

The Palestine Brigade RAF was reorganised at the end of 1917 or during the summer of 1918, as follows:

5th (Corps) Wing40th (Army) Wing

Deployment, 9 February

General Headquarters at Bir Salem

7th Mounted Brigade at Deir el BelahImperial Service Cavalry Brigade at HerbiehImperial Camel Brigade at Rafa20th Indian Brigade at Gaza

Desert Mounted Corps at Kh. Deiran

Anzac Mounted Division at Richon le Zion (Ayun Kara)Australian Mounted Division at Deir el BelahYeomanry Mounted Division at Deir el Belah

XX Corps at Mount of Olives

XXI Corps at Jaffa

Shea's Force March

60th (London) DivisionAnzac Mounted DivisionImperial Camel Corps Brigade including the Hong Kong and Singapore Mountain Battery, with four BL 2.75 inch Mountain Guns, (firing 12-pounder shells) :the 10th Heavy Battery Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA)one Light Armoured Car BrigadeArmy Bridging TrainDesert Mounted Corps Bridging Train and pontoon units.

Order of Battle April

Desert Mounted Corps (GOC Lieutenant General H. G. Chauvel)

60th (London) Division commanded by Major General John Shea (less the 181st Brigade in reserve on the XXth Corps front)Anzac Mounted Division (GOC Major General E. W. C. Chaytor)Australian Mounted Divisions (GOC Major General H. W. Hodgson)Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade

West of the Jordan

Order of Battle 19 September

XX Corps (Lieutenant General Sir P. Chetwode)

53rd (Welsh) Division (Major General S. F. Mott)10th (Irish) Division (Major General J. R. Longley)"Watson's Force" (holding centre of XX Corps' Front)XX Corps Heavy Artillery

For support of 53rd Division

For support of 10th Division

XXI Corps (Lieutenant General Sir E. Bulfin)

3rd (Lahore) Division (Major General A.R. Hoskins)7th (Meerut) Division (Major General Sir V. B. Fane)54th (East Anglian) Division (Major General S. W. Hare)60th (London) Division (Major General Sir J. S. M. Shea)75th Division (Major General P. C. Palin)XXI Corps Heavy Artillery

Sub-Group under the Right Group

Right Group

Right Centre Group

Left Centre Group

Left Group

Generally –

The Sub-Group was in support of the French

The Right Group was in support of the 54th Division

The Right Centre Group was in support of the 3rd (Lahore) Division

The Left Centre Group was in support of the 75th Division

The Left Group was in support of the 60th Division.

Desert Mounted Corps (Lieutenant General Sir H. Chauvel)

4th Cavalry Division (Major General Sir G. de S. Barrow)5th Cavalry Division (Major General H. J. M. MacAndrew)Australian Mounted Division (Major General H. W. Hodgson)

Chaytor's Force (Major General E.W.C. Chaytor)

20th Indian BrigadeAnzac Mounted Division (Major General E.W.C. Chaytor)