Edmund Landolt was born in Kirchberg, Switzerland, of a French mother, Rosina Baumgartner, and Swiss father, Rudolf Landolt.
He came to France during the war in 1871 with a Swiss ambulance hospital, and was present at the battles around Belfort, where he contracted enteric fever.
Study and work
Studied at University of Zurich where he got a Ph.D. in 1869 and was through this time and later pupil of Knapp in Heidelberg, Ferdinand Arlt in Vienna, Von Graefe and Helmholtz in Berlin, Horner in Zürich, and Snellen and Donders in Utrecht.
Worked in physiological optics with, among others, Snellen and Donders.
After study and practice in Utrecht and Germany he established himself in Paris in 1874 where he became oculist to the Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles.
With Panas (1832–1903) and Poncet (1849–1913) he re-founded the Archives d'ophtalmologie in 1881 and co-directed the Laboratoire d’Ophtalmologie with Javal.
Landolt's eye clinic on the Rue Saint-André-des-Arts was world-famous. There he treated, among others, Mary Cassatt, and gave her a diagnosis of cataracts.
Ocular muscles and their disorders. Pioneering the work in their study and treatment.
He discovered `Landolt's bodies´ between the rods and cones of the outer nuclear layer of the retina, investigated the functions of the ocular muscles and devised a new advancement operation.
Famous for his publication of Landolt C.
The introduction of the metrical system into ophthalmology, London : J. & A. Churchill, 1876. OCLC 56373123The artificial eye, London : Trübner & Co., 1879. OCLC 29693518tr. Edgar Athelstane BrowneA manual of examination of the eyes. A course of lectures delivered at the "Ećole pratique,", Philadelphia, D. G. Brinton, 1879. OCLC 2394443tr. Swan M BurnettA manual of examination of the eyes. A course of lectures delivered at the "École pratique,", Philadelphia, D. G. Brinton, 1879. OCLC 4069016Ed. 2.: London : Baillie're, Tindall & Cox, 1879. OCLC 14408212On myopia, London : Harrison and Sons, 1879. OCLC 29693435On insufficiency of the power of convergence, [S.l. : [s.n.], 1886. OCLC 29693375The refraction and accommodation of the eye and their anomalies, Edinburgh, Pentland, 1886. OCLC 3057956Ed. 2.: Phila., J. B. Lippincott Company., 1886. OCLC 12013230Refraction and accommodation of the eye and their anomalies, Edinburgh, Young J. Pentland, 1886. OCLC 11626601Cataract-operation, in our time, [Chicago] : Ophthalmic Record, 1892. OCLC 27659117Vade mecum of ophthalmological therapeutics, Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1898. OCLC 9689831and GygaxOn ophthalmic surgery, being the Bowman lecture delivered on Wednesday, June 7, 1911., Lond. 1911. OCLC 83292691Defective ocular movements and their diagnosis, London, Frowde, 1913. OCLC 14798829and Marc LandoltLe grossissement des images ophthalmoscopiques, Paris : Adrien Delahaye, 1874. OCLC: 16077174Sur les causes de l'amétropie, Paris, 1877. OCLC: 79211659Leçons sur le diagnostic des maladies des yeux : faite à l'Ecole pratique de la Faculté de médicine de Paris, pendant le semester d'été 1875, Paris : Aux Bureaux du Progrès Médical : Ve A. Delahaye, 1877. OCLC: 16867948L'œil artificiel, Paris : Octave Doin, 1878. OCLC: 65009615Manuel d'ophthalmoscopie., Paris, Doin, 1878. OCLC: 14863824Clinique des maladies des yeux. Compte rendu pour l'anneé 1878, Coulommiers : P. Brodard, 1879. OCLC: 53178656Traité complet d'ophthalmologie, Paris : V. Adrien Delahaye, 1880-1889. OCLC: 9766547and Louis de Wecker.Ed. 2.: Paris, Lecrosnier et Babé, 1880-89. OCLC: 14860559Tableau synoptique des mouvements des yeux & de leurs anomalies, Paris : Martinet, [ca.1880] OCLC: 67734772Tableau synoptique des mouvements des yeux et de leurs anomalies, [S.l. : s.n., 188-?]. OCLC: 61653001aa. Librairie médicale scientifique vigot frères,Notice biographique à la mémoire du Docteur C [Johann] F[riedrich] Horner, professeur d'ophthalmologie à l'Université de Zurich, Paris : [s.n.], 1887. OCLC: 81850385and C Johann Friedrich HornerNotice biographique à la mémoire du Docteur T.F. Horner, professeur d'ophthalmologie à l'Université de Zurich, Paris, 1887. OCLC: 82939545Rapport sur la question du strabisme, preś. au VIIe Congreś international d'ophthalmologie à Heidelberg, Wiesbaden, 1888. OCLC: 67724682Opto-types simples. 2 circular disks, Paris : O. Doin, 1889. OCLC: 53178663F. C. Donders, Paris : Steinheil, 1889. OCLC: 69060626Un nouveau procédé d'opération dans le distichiasis, Paris, 1890. OCLC: 67724675Un nouveau cas d'achromatopsie totale, Paris : G. Steinheil, 1891. OCLC: 53178653H. de Helmholtz : esquisse biographique, [S.l. : s.n.], 1894. OCLC: 65101525and H. de HelmholtzPrécis de thérapeutique ophtalmologique, Paris, Masson, 1895. OCLC: 14808861and GygaxNouveaux objets-types pour la de´{t}ermination de lacute visuelle, Paris : Doin, 1899. OCLC: 65087355Nouveau objets-types pour la détermination de l'acuité visuelle., Paris : O. Doin, 1899. OCLC: 53178619Souvenirs sur H.Snellen, Paris : Steinheil, 1908. OCLC: 67520817Diagnostic des troubles de la motilité oculaire, Paris, Masson, 1909. Ed. française par Marc Landolt OCLC: 14785955Examen des mouvements normaux & pathologiques des yeux, Paris, G. Steinheil, 1916. OCLC: 5856097Married Valerie Hübscher. Two sons; Dr. Fernand Landolt, laryngologist and Dr. Marc Landolt, ophthalmologist.
He is mentioned in Sherlock Holmes' book The Demon Device (Robert Saffron) p. 44.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle spent time with him in Paris in relation to his study in ophthalmology in Vienna.
