Delany is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Dana Delany (born 1956), American actress
Daniel Delany (1747–1814), Irish Catholic Bishop, founder of two international teaching Congregations.
James Delany (born 1948), commissioner of the Big Ten Conference.
Martin Delany (1812–1885), African-American abolitionist
Mary Delany (1700–1788), artist and writer
Ron Delany (born 1935) Irish gold metal Olympic athlete
Samuel R. Delany (born 1942), American science fiction author
Sarah Louise ("Sadie") and Annie Elizabeth ("Bessie") Delany, African-American civil rights pioneers and authors.