Country Turkey Website www.dortyol.bel.tr Elevation 57 m Province Hatay Province | Post code 316xx Area 600 km² Local time Thursday 12:21 AM | |
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Weather 13°C, Wind E at 10 km/h, 70% Humidity | ||
Dörtyol (Armenian: Չորք Մարզպան, Čork Marzban) is a port city and oil terminus at the head of the Gulf of İskenderun, near the easternmost point of the Mediterranean coast. Dörtyol is located 26 km north of the city of Iskenderun in the province of Hatay in southeastern Turkey.
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Map of D%C3%B6rtyol, 31600 D%C3%B6rtyol%2FHatay, Turkey
Geography
The name Dörtyol means "crossroads" (literally "four roads") in Turkish, and indeed the town sits on a crossing of highways, especially the O-53 from Anatolia south into Hatay and on to Syria. The road is channelled along the narrow coastal strip with the Nur Mountains (the ancient Amanos) behind. Dörtyol is at the edge of the Çukurova Plain and being near the coast, is humid and the countryside is fairly green and fertile. Therefore, as well as oil-handling, the economic activities of the district include forestry, cotton, and the cultivation of citrus fruits, especially a local variety of tangerine.
History
This crossroads has seen the passage of numerous armies and some of the biggest military campaigns in history, including the battle between Alexander the Great and Darius in 333 BC. In 1895 the Armenians of Chorkmarzban resisted the Hamidian Massacres. In 1909 during the Adana Massacre the Armenians of Dörtyol or Chorkmarzban resisted the massacres again, but large numbers perished. From 1919-1921 the Armenians again resisted the Armenian Genocide, but were almost completely exterminated. After the French and Turks agreed on the Syrian-Turkish border, Dörtyol fell on the Turkish side, and the surviving Armenians fled to Alexandretta, Aleppo, and Amman. More recently Dörtyol is remembered in Turkey as the scene of the first fighting in the Turkish War of Independence. The fighting with the occupying forces was ignited in Karakese which is located on the edge of the Nur mountains village. In 1918 Dörtyol was occupied by French troops. Turks in the area retreated to the hills and began their resistance under the leadership of Kara Hasan Pasha. Dörtyol was thus not part of the Republic of Hatay but was a Turkish district added to Hatay when the province was brought into the Turkish republic in 1939.