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Parliamentary elections were held in Czechoslovakia on 18 and 25 April 1920. Voting for the Chamber of Deputies occurred on April 18, 1920, and the voting for the Senate was held a week later on April 25, 1920. The election had initially been planned for mid- or late 1919, but had been postponed.
Out of the 300 Chamber of Deputies seats 281 were filled, as no elections were held in Hlučín Region (part of the Moravská Ostrava electoral district, resulting in 1 less deputy elected from that district), the Těšín electoral district (9 deputies) and the Užhorod electoral district (9 deputies). 16 parties won parliamentary representation. Voter turnout was 89.6% for the Chamber election and 75.6% for the Senate.
The Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party (ČSDSD) emerged as the largest party in the 1920 election, with 25.7% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies, 74 deputies elected, 28.1% of the vote for the Senate and 41 senators elected. Amongst the Czech voters, the 1920 election outcome was marked by remarkable stability compared to the 1911 election. The gap between Czech socialist and bourgeouis parties had only moved by 0.4% compared to the 1911 result.