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Cup of the Ukrainian SSR was a playoff competitions that were taken place in Ukrainian SSR in 1936–1991 and were predecessors of the Ukrainian Cup.
Unlike its replacement the Ukrainian Cup, the Cup of Ukrainian SSR involved participation of up to 40,000 clubs of different levels that strife for the republican accolades. The participation was allowed to everybody whether it was a team of the Soviet Top League or a team of some education institution as long as none of the players competed in the Soviet Cup simultaneously.
In 1939, 1940 and since 1949 no teams from the Soviet Top League participated in the competition. In 1959 the competition among teams of masters was replaced with competition for amateur clubs (see Ukrainian Amateur Cup).
In 1972 it was revived again for the next five seasons and one more time in 1990, while competition for physical fitness clubs at that time discontinued. The last winner FC Temp Shepetivka of the Soviet Ukrainian Cup was allowed to join the Ukrainian Premier League in 1991.