Chrysauginae

Description and ecology

The subfamily includes the sloth moths (genera Cryptoses, Bradypodicola and Bradypophila). Adults of these species live in the fur of sloths, while the caterpillar larvae feed on the sloth's dung. Other unusual Chrysauginae caterpillars have been found in Hymenoptera nests and on the spines of caterpillars of the brush-footed butterfly genus Automeris. But usually, their larvae feed on plants, boring into seed, fruits, stems and roots, or rolling and spinning leaves together to form a hideout.

While the adults are fairly nondescript, Chrysauginae larvae can usually be recognized unequivocally by the sclerotised ring around seta SD1 of the metathorax.

Systematics

A checklist of the Chrysauginae in the Western Hemsiphere was compiled by Solis et al. in 1995, but no phylogenetic analyses have been conducted. Four Australian genera were tentatively placed in this subfamily by Shaffer et al. in 1996, but study of the adults did not confirm this, and the larvae are unknown.

Abaera Walker, 1859

Acallidia Schaus, 1913

Acallis Ragonot, 1891

Acutia Ragonot, 1891

Adenopteryx Ragonot, 1891

Ahyalosticta Amsel, 1956

Anassodes Turner, 1932

Anemosa Walker, 1859 (= Drymiarcha Meyrick, 1885)

Anemosella Dyar, 1914 (= Balidarcha Dyar, 1914)

Anisothrix Ragonot, 1891

Arbinia Möschler, 1881

Area Ragonot, 1891

Arouva Walker, 1864

Arta Grote, 1875 (= Xantippides Dyar, 1908)

Azamora Walker, 1858 (= Amblyura Lederer, 1863, Arica Walker, 1863, Thylacophora Ragonot, 1891, Torda Walker, 1863)

Basacallis Cashatt, 1969

Bisinusia Amsel, 1956

Blepharocerus C. É. Blanchard, 1852 (= Blepharocorus C. É. Blanchard, 1852)

Bonchis Walker, 1862 (= Ethnistis Lederer, 1863, Gazaca Walker, 1866, Vurna Walker, 1866, Zarania Walker, 1866)

Bradypodicola Spuler, 1906

Bradypophila Ihering, 1914

Callasopia Möschler, 1890

Caphys Walker, 1863 (= Euexippe Ragonot, 1891, Ugra Walker, 1863)

Cappsia Pastrana, 1953

Carcha Walker, 1859 (= Coeloma Möschler, 1890)

Casuaria Walker, 1866 (= Saccopleura Ragonot, 1891)

Catadupa Walker, 1863

Chenevadia Dyar, 1914

Chrysauge Hübner, 1823 (= Candisa Walker, 1866)

Chrysophila Hübner, 1831 (= Eurypta Lederer, 1863)

Clydonopteron N. D. Riley, 1880

Condylolomia Grote, 1873 (= Cordylolomia Rye, 1875)

Craftsia Dyar, 1914

Cromarcha Dyar, 1914

Cryptoses Dyar, 1908

Cyclidalis Hampson, 1906

Cyclopalpia Hampson, 1897

Dastira Walker, 1859

Dasycnemia Ragonot, 1891 (= Hyalosticta Hampson, 1897, Potosa Capps, 1952)

Deopteryx Dyar, 1914

Derbeta Walker, 1866

Diloxis Hampson, 1897

Distortia Amsel, 1956

Drepanodia Ragonot, 1892

Eobrena Dyar, 1914

Epidelia Ragonot, 1891

Epiparachma Amsel, 1956

Epitamyra Ragonot, 1891

Erioptycha Ragonot, 1891

Eupilocera Dognin, 1909

Galasa Walker, 1866 (= Cordylopeza Zeller, 1873)

Galasodes Amsel, 1956

Gephyra Walker, 1859 (= Replicia Dyar, 1914)

Gephyrella Dyar, 1914

Hednotodes Lower, 1893 (= Calliphlycta Hampson, 1918)

Heliades Ragonot, 1891

Heterauge Hampson, 1906

Holoperas Warren, 1891

Humiphila Becker, 1974

Hyperparachma Warren, 1891 (= Parachmopsis Amsel, 1956)

Hypocosmia Ragonot, 1891

Idnea Herrich-Schäffer, 1858 (= Auchoteles Zeller, 1877, Corybissa Walker, 1863, Uzeda Walker, 1863)

Idneodes Ragonot, 1892

Itambe Ragonot, 1892

Lepidomys Guenée, 1852 (= Chalinitis Ragonot, 1891)

Lophopleura Ragonot, 1891

Lophopleuropsis Amsel, 1956

Martiniodes Amsel, 1956

Megacaphys Hampson, 1916

Michaelshaffera Solis, 1998

Microrca Amsel, 1956

Microsauge Amsel, 1956

Microzancla Hampson, 1897

Mimetauge Munroe, 1970

Monoloxis Hampson, 1897

Murgisca Walker, 1863 (= Pachymorphus Möschler, 1890)

Myolisa Dyar, 1914

Nachaba Walker, 1859 (= Ascha Walker, 1864)

Navura Schaus, 1913

Negalasa Barnes & McDunnough, 1913

Neocaphys Amsel, 1956

Ocoba Dyar, 1914

Ocresia Ragonot, 1891

Oectoperodes Ragonot, 1892

Oedmatodes Ragonot, 1892 (= Oedematodes Hampson, 1897)

Ophias Ragonot, 1891

Oryctopleura Ragonot, 1891

Pachypalpia Hampson, 1895

Pachypodistes Hampson, 1905 (= Conotambe Dyar, 1914)

Parachma Walker, 1866 (= Artopsis Dyar, 1908, Perseistis Strand, 1921, Perseis Ragonot, 1891, Zazaca Walker, 1866)

Paragalasa Cashatt, 1969

Paramacna Warren, 1889 (= Acroppterygella Strand, 1917, Acropterygella Neave, 1939, Acropteryx Ragonot, 1891)

Parasopia Möschler, 1890

Paridnea Ragonot, 1892 (= Batia Walker, 1867)

Passelgis Dyar, 1914

Pelasgis Ragonot, 1891

Penthesilea Ragonot, 1891

Pionidia Hampson, 1897

Plagerepne Tams, 1926

Polloccia Dyar, 1910 (= Pollocia Neave, 1940)

Polyterpnes Turner, 1932

Protrichia Hampson, 1897

Psectrodes Ragonot, 1891

Pyrauge Hampson, 1906

Pyraustodes Ragonot, 1891

Quadrischistis Amsel, 1956

Ramphidium Geyer in Hübner, 1837 (= Acrodegmia Ragonot, 1891)

Rhynchotosale Hampson, 1916

Rucuma Walker, 1863

Salobrena Walker, 1863 (= Ballonicha Möschler, 1886, Oectoperia Zeller, 1875, Salobrana Fernald, 1902, Teucronoma Meyrick, 1936)

Samcova Walker, 1863

Sanguesa Walker, 1863

Sarcistis Hampson, 1897

Satole Dyar, 1908

Schistoneura Ragonot, 1891

Semnia Hübner, 1823 (= Acronolepia Westwood, 1835, Episemnia Ragonot, 1891)

Speosia Schaus, 1913

Sthenobaea Ragonot, 1891 (= Parabaera Dognin, 1904, Sthenauge Hampson, 1906)

Streptopalpia Hampson, 1895

Tamyra Herrich-Schäffer, 1858 (= Lametia Walker, 1859, Tamyrodes Ragonot, 1891)

Tetraschistis Hampson, 1897

Tharsanthes Meyrick, 1936

Thermotesia Hampson, 1916

Tippecoa Dyar, 1914

Torotambe Dyar, 1914

Tosale Walker, 1863 (= Fabatana Walker, 1866, Restidia Dyar, 1914, Siparocera Grote, 1875, Callocera Grote, 1875, Siparocera Robinson, 1876, Uliosoma Warren, 1891)

Ungulopsis Amsel, 1956

Voglia Amsel, 1956

Xantippe Ragonot, 1891

Zaboba Dyar, 1914

Zamanna Dyar, 1914

Zanclodes Ragonot, 1891