Charnley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bill Charnley, English footballerBryan Charnley (1949–1991), English artistChic Charnley (born 1963), Scottish association football (soccer) playerDave Charnley (1935–2012), English lightweight boxerIrene Charnley (born 1960), South African businesswomanJohn Charnley (1911–1982), English orthopaedic surgeonJosh Charnley (born 1991), English rugby league football playerRay Charnley (1935–2009), English association football (soccer) playerSam Charnley (1902–1977), Scottish association football (soccer) player