Abbreviation CCM Secretary-General Abdulrahman Kinana | Chairman John Magufuli Spokesperson Humphrey Polepole | |
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Founder Julius Nyerere
Aboud Jumbe Founded 5 February 1977 (1977-02-05) | ||
The Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM; English: Party of the Revolution) is the dominant ruling party in Tanzania and the longest reigning ruling party in Africa. It was formed in 1977 following the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) which were the sole operating parties in mainland Tanzania and the semi-autonomous islands of Zanzibar respectively.
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Since the restoration of the multi-party system, CCM has retained its popularity, winning all the past five general elections in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. Jakaya Kikwete, its presidential candidate in 2005, won by a landslide receiving more than 80% of the popular vote. In the last election, it won 186 of the 239 constituencies, continuing to hold an outright majority in the National Assembly.
History
The party was created on February 5, 1977, under the leadership of Julius Nyerere, through the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), the ruling party in Tanganyika, and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP), the ruling party in Zanzibar.
TANU/CCM has dominated the politics of Tanzania since the independence of Tanganyika in 1962. Due to the merger with the ASP, from 1977 it has also been the ruling party in Zanzibar, though there its grip on power has been more contested by the Civic United Front (CUF).
From its formation until 1992, it was the only legally permitted party in the country. Every five years, its national chairman was automatically elected to a five-year term as president; he was confirmed in office via a referendum. At the same time, voters were presented with two CCM candidates for the National Assembly or Bunge. This changed on July 1, 1992, when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly.
Ideology
Originally a champion of African socialism, upholder of the system of collectivized agriculture known as Ujamaa and firmly oriented to the left, the CCM espouses today a more neoliberal approach. It conceives of economic modernization and free market policies as ways to raise the living standards of the citizens of Tanzania. CCM hopes to continue to privatize and modernize in order to ensure:
- Increased productivity which would boost the country's revenue
- Increased employment and improved management
- Acquisition of new and modern technology
- Increased and expanded local and international markets for our products, and;
- Improved and strengthened private sector serving as the engine of the national economy while the government sharpens its focus on provision of social services, infrastructure, security and governance of the state.
Similarly, the CCM's major foreign policy focus is economic diplomacy within the international system, and peaceful coexistence with neighbors.
Electoral performance
CCM has won all presidential elections at both union level and in Zanzibar at autonomous level under the multi-party system: 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. It also dominates the legislature.
In the elections for Zanzibar's presidency and House of Representatives, held on 30 October 2005, incumbent president and CCM candidate Amani Abeid Karume won with 53.18% of the vote, while the party won 30 seats out of 50.
In the national elections for Tanzania's presidency and National Assembly, held on 14 December 2005, Foreign Minister and CCM candidate Jakaya Kikwete won with 80.28% of the vote. Out of the 232 seats filled through direct election, the CCM won 206.
On 31 October 2010, Jakaya Kikwete was reelected president with 62.8% of the vote, while CCM obtained 186 out of the 239 directly elected seats.
On 30 October 2015 John Magufuli of CCM won the election with 58.46% of the vote.
CCM was admitted into the Socialist International as a full member at the SI's spring congress on 4–5 February 2013.
Current leaders
John Magufuli elected as Party Chairman on July 23, 2016.
Kikwete was elected to a second term in November 2012 for a five-year term, stepped down on July 23, 2016 to pave way for the new President to take over as the National Chairman.