Castro is a Romance (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Galician) surname coming from Latin castrum, a fortification. The English equivalent is Chester. Notable people with the surname include:
Alicia Castro (born 1949), Argentine diplomat
Alvaro Castro (born 1989), Argentine developer
Américo Castro (1885–1972), Spanish historian
Ángel Castro y Argiz (1875–1956), father of Cuban leaders Fidel and Raúl Castro
Ariel Castro (1960–2013), Puerto Rican American kidnapper and rapist
Arles Castro (born 1979), Colombian track and road cyclist
Arturo Castro (1918–1975), Mexican actor of film and television
Aureo Castro (1917–1993), Macanese–Portuguese composer, musician and teacher
Balthazar (Isaac) Orobio de Castro, (c.1617–1687) Jewish philosopher
Bernadette Castro (born 1944), U.S. politician
Carlos Castro Mora (born 1978), Costa Rican footballer
Carlos Castro Borja (born 1967), Salvadoran footballer
César Castro (born 1982), Brazilian diver
Cipriano Castro (1858–1924), President of Venezuela
Crispin Castro Monroy (born 1936), Mexican politician
Daniel Castro (born 1992), Mexican baseball player
David Castro (born 1964), Brazilian swimmer
David Castro (actor) (born 1996), American actor
Dionísio Castro (born 1963), Portuguese long-distance runner
Domingos Castro (born 1963), Portuguese long-distance runner
Edmond Castro, Belizean politician
Eduardo Castro (born 1954), Mexican long-distance runner
Eduardo Viveiros de Castro (born 1951), Brazilian ethnologist
Elizabeth Castro, U.S. writer on web sites
Fernando Castro Pacheco (1918–2013), Mexican artist
Fidel Castro (1926–2016), former President of Cuba
Francisco Castro (disambiguation), multiple people
Gabriel Castro Root, (born 2002), child prodegy
Germán Castro Caycedo (born 1940), Colombian journalist and writer
Gonzalo Castro (born 1987), German footballer
Gonzalo Castro Irizábal (born 1984), Uruguayan footballer
Guillén de Castro y Bellvis (1569–1631), Spanish dramatist
Héctor Castro (1904–1960), Uruguayan footballer
Henri Castro (1786–1865), pioneer of the Republic of Texas
Inês de Castro (1325–1355), Galician noblewoman and Queen of Portugal after her death
Jason Castro (baseball) (born 1987), U.S. baseball player
Jason Castro (singer) (born 1987), U.S. singer
Jayson Castro (born 1986), Filipino basketball player
Joaquín Castro (born 1974), American politician
Jorge Castro (boxer) (born 1967), Argentine boxer
José Castro (1808–1860), Mexican general governor of Alta California
José Antonio Castro (born 1980), Mexican footballer
Juan Castro (born 1972), Mexican baseball player
Juan José Castro (1895–1968), Argentine composer
Juanita Castro (born 1933), Cuban revolutionary, sister of Fidel and Raul Castro
Julian Castro (born 1974), American politician
Julián Castro (1810 – 1875), President of Venezuela
Luciano Castro (born 1975), Argentine actor
Luz Dary Castro (born 1978), Colombian shot putter and discus thrower
Marco Castro (born 1976), a Peruvian American film director
Mariela Castro (born 1962), Cuban LGBT and sex education activist, and daughter of Raúl Castro
Mauricio Castro (born 1981), Honduran footballer
Michael Castro, American poet
Miguel Castro (born 1994), Dominican professional baseball player
Nelson Castro (politician), a member of the New York State Assembly
Nelson Castro (weightlifter) (born 1974), Colombian weightlifter
Noli de Castro (born 1949), Filipino politician
Oscar Castro-Neves (1940–2013), Brazilian musician
Pablo Castro (born 2001), dancer
Ramón Castro (Cuban revolutionary) (1924-2016), brother of Fidel and Raul Castro
Ramón Castro (born 1976), U.S. baseball player
Ramón Castro Jijón (1915–1984), military ruler of Ecuador
Raquel Castro (born 1994), American actress
Raul Hector Castro (1916–2015), U.S. politician
Raúl Castro (born 1931), current President of Cuba
Roberto Michael Castro (born 1989), Ecuadorian footballer
Rosalía de Castro (1837–1885), Spanish Galician language writer and poet
Sal Castro (1933–2013), Mexican-American educator and activist
Saleta Castro (born 1989), a Spanish (Galician) triathlete
Salvador Castaneda Castro (1888–1965), Salvadorian politician
Sheilla Castro (born 1983), Brazilian volleyball player
Starlin Castro (born 1990), Dominican baseball player
Verónica Castro (born 1952), Mexican actress
Zulema Castro de Peña (c. 1920–2013), Argentine activist
