Population 346 (2011 census) Sovereign state United Kingdom Dialling code 01890 | OS grid reference NT795385 Post town CORNHILL-ON-TWEED | |
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Carham or Carham On Tweed is a village in Northumberland, England. The village lies on the south side of the River Tweed about 3 miles (5 km) west of Coldstream.
Contents
Map of Carham, UK
Etymology
Carham has generally been etymologised as an Old English place-name. The first syllable would be from carr 'rock', and the second either a dative plural ending (the whole name having been carrum '(at the) rocks') or the word hām ('homestead'). However, the twelfth-century chronicler Richard of Hexham appears not to have considered the name an English one, so it may actually come from Cumbric *kair 'fortification'.
History
Near to Carham are the extensive remains of Early British camps and a bronze sword, now in the British Museum, discovered in the nearby Tweed.
Carham on the Tweed, where a stream divides Northumberland from Scotland, was the scene of two battles in Anglo-Saxon times.
In 833 the Danes fought the English, and the English were routed. Leland tells us that
in the 33rd year of Ecbright the Danes arrived at Lindisfarne and fought with the English at Carham where Eleven Bishops and two English Countes were slayne, and a great numbre of people.
A field between the glebe and Dunstan Wood, where bones have been from time to time disinterred, is probably the site of the battle.
In 1016 or 1018 the Battle of Carham between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Northumbrians resulted in a Scottish victory.
Governance
Carham is in the parliamentary constituency of Berwick-upon-Tweed.
Religious sites
The church is dedicated to St Cuthbert.