Bretschneider is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Andreas Bretschneider (born 1989), German artistic gymnast
Carl Anton Bretschneider (1808–1878), German mathematician
Bretschneider's Formula
Emil Bretschneider (1833–1901), German sinologist
Frank Bretschneider (born 1956), German electronic musician
Heinrich Gottfried von Bretschneider (1739–1810), German satirical writer
Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider (1776–1848), German scholar and theologian