Boot Service Discovery Protocol (BSDP) is an Apple-developed, standards-conforming extension of DHCP. It allows Macintosh computers to boot from bootable images on a network instead of local storage media such as CD, DVD, or hard disk. The DHCP options used are the "vendor-specific information" option (number 43) and the "vendor class identifier" option (number 60). There are three versions of BSDP, though usually version 1.0 is used. All versions enable a client to choose from several bootable images offered by a server. The reference implementation of BSDP is Darwin's BOOTP server, which is part of Mac OS's NetBoot feature.
Contents
Contents of DHCP Vendor Class Identifier
The DHCP server and client send a vendor class option that contains an ASCII-encoded string with three parts delimited by a / character. The first part is AAPLBSDPC, which advertises BSDP capability. The second part is the client's architecture ("ppc" or "i386"). The third part is a system identifier. For example, an Intel-based iMac sends
AAPLBSDPC/i386/iMac4,1as its vendor class. A list of Microsoft vendor classes can be found here.
Contents of DHCP Vendor Specific Information Options
According to RFC 2132 the DHCP Option carrying the number 43 is reserved for vendor specific information. This information is stored in the following format:
Code Len Vendor-specific information +-----+-----+-----+-----+--- | 43 | n | i1 | i2 | ... +-----+-----+-----+-----+---If the vendor wants to convey multiple options within this option field, this is done with encapsulated vendor-specific extensions. Vendor encapsulated extensions contain one or more concatenated fields. Each field consists of:
The following table describes the possible field types. All numeric fields are interpreted as unsigned and Big Endian integers.
Example
The following example illustrates the construction of the Vendor Encapsulated Option:
0000 01 01 02 08 04 81 00 07 e5 82 0a 4e 65 74 42 6f 6f ........ ..NetBoo 0010 74 30 30 31 t001The first field here, 01 01 02, means that the packet is a BSDP "SELECT" message. The 01 declares that field specifies the BSDP Message Type. The next 01 indicates that the field contents are one byte long — 02 is the code for "SELECT".
The following 08 04 81 00 07 e5 means that the boot image with the ID 2164262885 is selected.
Finally, 82 0a 4e 65 74 42 6f 6f 74 30 30 31 means that a string with 0x0a = 10 characters, namely "NetBoot001", is the name of the system to boot.