Black bag operation
Black bag operations (or black bag jobs) are covert or clandestine entries into structures to obtain information for human intelligence operations. This usually entails breaking and entering into denied areas. Some of the tactics, techniques and procedures associated with black bag operations are: lock picking, safe cracking, key impressions, fingerprinting, photography, electronic surveillance (including audio and video surveillance), mail manipulation (flaps and seals), forgery, and a host of other related skills. The term "black bag" refers to the little black bag in which burglars carry their tools. "The CIA remains responsible for conducting these highly classified operations overseas, while the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) performs the exact same function inside the U.S. and its territories."
Contents
- Black bag operation
- Weibo reactions to black bag operations microblog buzz july 25 2013 bontv china
- Use by the FBI
- Use by the CIA
- Use by other governments
- Black bag operatives in popular culture
- References
Weibo reactions to black bag operations microblog buzz july 25 2013 bontv china
Use by the FBI
In black bag operations, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agents entered offices of targeted individuals and organizations, and photographed information found in their records. This practice was used by the FBI from 1942 until 1967. In July 1966, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover ordered the practice discontinued. The use of "black bag jobs" by the FBI was declared unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court on 19 June 1972 in the Plamondon case, United States v. U.S. District Court, 407 U.S. 297. The FBI still carries out numerous "black bag" entry-and-search missions, in which the search is covert and the target of the investigation is not informed that the search took place. If the investigation involves a criminal matter a judicial warrant is required; in national security cases the operation must be approved by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court.
Use by the CIA
The CIA has used black-bag operations to steal cryptography and other secrets from foreign government offices outside the United States. The practice (by preceding intelligence U.S. intelligence organisations) dates back at least as far as 1916.
Use by other governments
The British, Australian, Israeli, Russian, and other intelligence agencies are known to use black-bag operations to steal secrets. When the technique is used to obtain codes it may be called Black-bag cryptanalysis.