The Birds of Ashmore Reef comprise three main groups:
- Seabirds, including at least five species of breeding terns, with several other seabirds, including petrels, recorded in the surrounding waters
- Migratory shorebirds en route from northern Asia to Australia
- Landbirds, only three breeding species (two herons and a rail) but several others, including passerines, visit, either on migration to northern Australia or as vagrants
Bulwer's petrel, Bulweria bulwerii - vagrant
Jouanin's petrel, Bulweria fallax - vagrant
Tahiti petrel, Pseudobulweria rostrata - vagrant
Wedge-tailed shearwater, Ardenna pacificus - regular visitor
Swinhoe's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma monorhis – vagrant
White-tailed tropicbird, Phaethon lepturus - regular visitor
Red-tailed tropicbird, Phaethon rubricauda - regular visitor
Abbott's booby, Papasula abbotti - vagrant
Masked booby, Sula dactylatra - regular visitor
Brown booby, Sula leucogaster - regular visitor
Red-footed booby, Sula sula - regular visitor
Lesser frigatebird, Fregata ariel - regular visitor
Great frigatebird, Fregata minor - regular visitor
Great egret, Ardea alba - vagrant
Little egret, Egretta garzetta - breeding
Eastern reef egret, Egretta sacra - breeding
Nankeen night heron, Nycticorax caledonicus – vagrant
White-breasted waterhen, Amaurornis phoenicurus - vagrant
Buff-banded rail, Gallirallus philippensis – breeding
Red-backed buttonquail, Turnix maculosa – vagrant
Common sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos - passage migrant
Ruddy turnstone, Arenaria interpres - passage migrant
Sanderling, Calidris alba - passage migrant
Red knot, Calidris canutus - passage migrant
Curlew sandpiper, Calidris ferruginea - passage migrant
Red-necked stint, Calidris ruficollis - passage migrant
Great knot, Calidris tenuirostris - passage migrant
?Snipe, Gallinago sp. - passage migrant
Grey-tailed tattler, Tringa brevipes - passage migrant
Asian dowitcher, Limnodromus semipalmatus - passage migrant
Bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica - passage migrant
Black-tailed godwit, Limosa limosa - passage migrant
Eastern curlew, Numenius madagascariensis - passage migrant
Little curlew, Numenius minutus - passage migrant
Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus - passage migrant
Common greenshank, Tringa nebularia - passage migrant
Marsh sandpiper, Tringa stagnatilis - passage migrant
Common redshank, Tringa totanus - passage migrant
Greater sand plover, Charadrius leschenaultii - passage migrant
Lesser sand plover, Charadrius mongolus - passage migrant
Oriental plover, Charadrius veredus - passage migrant
Pacific golden plover, Pluvialis fulva - passage migrant
Grey plover, Pluvialis squatarola – vagrant
Long-tailed jaeger, Stercorarius longicaudus - vagrant
Arctic jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus - vagrant
Pomarine jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus - vagrant
Black noddy, Anous minutus - breeding
Common noddy, Anous stolidus - breeding
Lesser noddy, Anous tenuirostris - possibly breeding
Little tern, Sternula albifrons - vagrant
Bridled tern, Onychoprion anaethetus - breeding
Greater crested tern, Thalasseus bergii - breeding
Sooty tern, Onychoprion fuscatus – breeding
Horsfield's bronze cuckoo, Chrysococcyx basalis - vagrant
Little bronze cuckoo, Chrysococcyx minutillus - vagrant
Gould's bronze cuckoo, Chrysococcyx russatus - vagrant
Oriental cuckoo, Cuculus saturatus - vagrant
Common koel, Eudynamys scolopacea – vagrant
Lesser coucal, Centropus bengalensis – vagrant
Grey nightjar, Caprimulgus indicus – vagrant
House swift, Apus affinis - vagrant
Pacific swift, Apus pacificus – vagrant
Torresian kingfisher, Todiramphus sordidus – vagrant
Sacred kingfisher, Todiramphus sanctus – vagrant
Rainbow bee-eater, Merops ornatus – vagrant
Dollarbird, Eurystomus orientalis
Island monarch, Monarcha cinerascens – vagrant
Pechora pipit, Anthus gustavi - vagrant
Grey wagtail, Motacilla cinerea - vagrant
Yellow wagtail, Motacilla flava - passage migrant
Pale-headed munia, Lonchura pallida – vagrant
Eurasian tree sparrow, Passer montanus - resident
Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica – vagrant
Oriental reed warbler, Acrocephalus orientalis - vagrant
Middendorff's grasshopper warbler, Locustella ochotensis - vagrant
Pallas's grasshopper warbler, Locustella certhiola - vagrant
Tawny grassbird, Megalurus timoriensis - vagrant
Arctic warbler, Phylloscopus borealis - regular visitor
Yellow-browed warbler, Phylloscopus inornatus - vagrant
Asian brown flycatcher, Muscicapa dauurica - vagrant
Birds of Ashmore Reef Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA