Neha Patil (Editor)

Biblidinae

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Kingdom
  
Animalia

Order
  
Lepidoptera

Higher classification
  
Nymphalidae

Phylum
  
Arthropoda

Superfamily
  
Papilionoidea

Rank
  
Subfamily

Biblidinae wwwnymphalidaenetNymphalidaeBiblidinaeBiblidi

Lower classifications
  
Callicore, Diaethria, Dynamine, Diaethria clymena, Byblia

Biblidinae is the name for a subfamily of nymphalid butterflies that includes the tropical brushfoots. This subfamily was sometimes merged within the Limenitidinae, but they are now recognized as quite distinct lineages. In older literature, this subfamily is sometimes called Eurytelinae.

Biblidinae Biblidinae Wikipedia

As of 2008, some 340 valid species are in this subfamily, placed in 38 genera. Most species of Biblidinae are Neotropical, but there are some Old World species and genera in the tribes Biblidini and Epicaliini.

Biblidinae Biblidinae

Systematics

The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable monophyletic group, at least since the "wastebin genus" Catagramma was dismantled around 1950. Six tribes are recognized, and the monophyly of them all is likewise well supported; radical changes in taxonomy and systematics are not expected in this subfamily. The sister group to the Biblidinae is probably the Apaturinae and/or Nymphalinae.

The tribes, in the presumed phylogenetic sequence and with notable genera and some species also listed here, are:

Biblidini Boisduval, 1833

  • Biblis Fabricius, 1807 (= Zonaga)
  • Ariadne Horsfield, 1829 (= Ergolis)
  • Ariadne ariadne – angled castor
  • Ariadne merione – common castor
  • Laringa Moore, 1901
  • Eurytela Boisduval, 1833
  • Neptidopsis Aurivillius, 1898
  • Mesoxantha Aurivillius, 1898
  • Byblia Hübner, 1819 (= Hypanis Boisduval, 1833 (non Pander in Menetries, 1832: preoccupied))
  • Byblia ilithyia – (common) joker
  • Mestra Hübner, 1825 (= Cystineura)
  • Archimestra Munroe, 1949
  • Vila Kirby, 1871 (= Lonia, Neptis Hübner, 1819 (non Fabricius, 1807: preoccupied), Olina Doubleday, 1848 (non Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: preoccupied))
  • Epicaliini Guenée, 1865

  • Catonephele Hübner, [1819]
  • Nessaea Hübner, [1819]
  • Myscelia Doubleday, 1844 (= Sagaritis Hübner, 1821 (non Billberg, 1820: preoccupied), Sea)
  • Sevenia Koçak, 1996 (= Crenis Boisduval, 1833 (non Hübner, 1821: preoccupied), Sallya Hemming, 1964 (non Yochelson, 1956: preoccupied))
  • Sevenia boisduvali – Boisduval's tree nymph
  • Sevenia morantii – Morant's tree nymph
  • Sevenia natalensis – Natal tree nymph
  • Sevenia rosa – Rosa's tree nymph
  • Eunica Hübner, [1819]
  • Cybdelis Boisduval, 1836
  • Ageroniini Doubleday, 1847

  • Hamadryas – cracker butterflies, calico butterflies
  • Ectima Doubleday, 1848
  • Panacea Godman & Salvin, 1883 (= Pandora Doubleday, 1848 (non Lamarck, 1799: preoccupied))
  • Batesia Felder & Felder, 1862
  • Epiphilini Jenkins, 1987

  • Asterope Hübner, [1819]
  • Pyrrhogyra Hübner, 1819 (= Corybas)
  • Epiphile Doubleday, 1844
  • Lucinia Hübner, 1823 (= Autodea)
  • Bolboneura Godman & Salvin, 1877
  • Temenis Hübner, 1819 (= Callicorina, Paromia Hewitson, 1861 (non Westwood, 1851: preoccupied))
  • Nica Hübner, 1826 (= Pseudonica)
  • Peria Kirby, 1871 (= Pelia Doubleday, 1849 (non Bell, 1836: preoccupied))
  • Eubagini Burmeister, 1878

  • Dynamine Hübner, 1819 (= Arisba, Eubagis, Sironia)
  • Callicorini Orfila, 1952 – eighty-eights and relatives

  • Diaethria Billberg, 1820
  • Callicore Hübner, [1819]
  • Perisama Doubleday, 1849 (= Orophila)
  • Antigonis Felder, 1861 (= Lincoya)
  • Haematera Doubleday, 1849 (= Callidula)
  • Paulogramma Dillon, 1948
  • Catacore Dillon, 1948
  • References

    Biblidinae Wikipedia


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