Bibb County, Alabama

History

Cahawba County was established ("erected") on February 7, 1818, named for the Cahawba River, (now more commonly spelled as Cahaba River). This name came from the Choctaw language word meaning "water above." On December 4, 1820, it was renamed as Bibb County.

With a large population of slaves before the American Civil War, during and after Reconstruction whites worked to dominate and establish white supremacy. In addition to laws that the state legislature passed, creating a new constitution that raised barriers to voter registration and excluding freedmen from the political process, this county ranked with two others: Dallas and Pickens, as having the third-highest number of lynchings in the state. These extrajudicial murders were a form of racial terrorism by the whites against blacks.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 626 square miles (1,620 km²), of which 623 square miles (1,610 km²) is land and 3.6 square miles (9.3 km²) (0.6%) is water.

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Major highways

Rail

Demographics

From 1920 to 1970, the population of the rural county declined considerably. Many African Americans joined the Great Migration to northern and western cities, to escape the violence and racial oppression of Jim Crow.

As of the census of 2010, there were 22,915 people, 7,953 households, and 5,748 families residing in the county. The population density was 37 people per square mile (14/km²). There were 8,981 housing units at an average density of 14.3 per square mile (5.5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 75.8% White, 22.0% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.8% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. 1.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 7,953 households out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.5% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.7% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the county, the population was spread out with 22.7% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.8 years. For every 100 females there were 115.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 127.5 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $41,770, and the median income for a family was $51,956. Males had a median income of $40,219 versus $28,085 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,918. About 9.4% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure

Bibb County has a five-member County Commission, elected from single-member districts. Members take turns in serving as chairman of the commission, rotating the position every nine and a half months.

Alabama Department of Corrections operates the Bibb Correctional Facility in Brent.

Cities

Towns

Ghost towns

Places of interest

Bibb County is home to the Talladega National Forest supervised by the United States Forestry Service (of the U.S. Department of Agriculture), and a section of the Cahaba River which draws visitors to view the unique "Cahaba Lily", or (known by its scientific Latinized name: Hymenocallis coronaria).