Barbour is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Alex Barbour, English footballerAlexander Barbour, Scottish international footballerAnna Maynard Barbour (d. 1941), an American authorErwin Hinckly Barbour (1856–1947), an American geologistHaley Barbour, the 63rd governor of MississippiIan Barbour, an American scholar of the relationship between science and religionJames Barbour, the 19th Governor of VirginiaJames Barbour (1828–1895)James Stacy Barbour, American actor and singerJohn Barbour, "The Father of Scots poetry" (c.1320 – March 1395). Scottish makar, courtier and archdeacon.John Barbour (actor), Canadian-born television personality in the United StatesJohn Strode Barbour, Jr., a Representative and a Senator from VirginiaJulian Barbour, British physicistKandi Barbour, an American adult modelLucius A. Barbour (1846-1922), American generalMary Barbour, a Scottish political activistNelson H. Barbour, a Millerite AdventistPhilip Pendleton Barbour, a Representative from Virginia, brother of James BarbourRalph Henry Barbour, an American author of sports fiction for boysRobert Barbour (disambiguation)Samuel Barbour, an Australian chemist, photographer and X-ray pioneer in the colony of South Australia.Thomas Barbour, an American herpetologistWalworth Barbour, a United States Ambassador to IsraelWilliam Warren Barbour, a US Senator from New JerseyArthur B. B. Moore, a Canadian Moderator of the United Church of CanadaThomas Barbour Lathrop, an American philanthropist and world traveler, grandson of James BarbourBarbour Lewis, an American politician