Girish Mahajan (Editor)

BL 6 inch 26 cwt howitzer

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Type
  
Medium howitzer

In service
  
1915 to 1945

Place of origin
  
United Kingdom

Designer
  
Vickers

BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer

Used by
  
United KingdomCanadaUnion of South AfricaAustraliaNew ZealandKingdom of ItalyNetherlandsBelgiumKingdom of GreeceRussian EmpirePortugal

Wars
  
World War IWorld War II

The Ordnance BL 6 inch 26cwt howitzer was a British howitzer used during World War I and World War II. The qualifier "26cwt" refers to the weight of the barrel and breech together which weighed 26 long hundredweight (1.3 t).

Contents

World War I

It was developed to replace the obsolescent 6 inch 25 cwt and 6 inch 30 cwt howitzers which were outclassed by German artillery such as the 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze 13. Design began in January 1915, the first proof-firing occurred on 30 July 1915 and it entered service in late 1915. Its combination of firepower, range and mobility (for its day) made it one of the British Empire's most important weapons in World War I.

It was originally towed by horses but from 1916 onwards was commonly towed by the "FWD" 4 wheel drive 3 ton lorry as heavy field artillery. The wooden spoked wheels could be fitted with "girdles" for work in mud or sand to prevent them sinking. Towards the end of the war solid rubber tyres were fitted over the iron tyres on the wheel rims, giving the rims a heavier appearance. It fired 22.4 million rounds on the Western Front.

World War II

During the interwar period the carriage had its wooden spoked wheels replaced with modern steel wheels and pneumatic tyres. During World War II, its use was restricted after 1942 when the replacement BL 5.5 inch Medium Gun came into use. It was however reintroduced in Burma due to a number of premature detonations in 5.5-inch (140 mm) guns. It was declared obsolete with the end of the war in 1945.

Captured examples received the designation FH-412(e) in German use.

Surviving examples

  • Royal Artillery Museum, Woolwich, London
  • Army Memorial Museum, Waiouru, New Zealand
  • Royal Australian Artillery Museum, North Head, Sydney, Australia
  • Museo della guerra (War Museum), Rovereto (Italy)
  • South Africa : The Imperial Government presented 6 howitzers to the Union of South Africa after World War I and the six South African Heavy Artillery Memorials were designed, commissioned and paid for by the South African Heavy Artillery Association to honour their fallen Comrades-in-Arms : Memorial to 71st (Transvaal) Siege Battery at Johannesburg Zoo (restored); 72nd (Griqualand West) Siege Battery at Clyde N Terry Museum, Kimberley; 73rd (Cape) Siege Battery at Company Gardens, Cape Town; 74th (Eastern Province) Siege Battery at National Museum, Bloemfontein (Restoration is about to begin, May 2009); 75th (Natal) Siege Battery, Warriors' Gate MOTH Shellhole, Old Fort Road, Durban; 125th (Transvaal) Siege Battery near the Union Buildings, Pretoria.

    • These guns are being restored by the Gunner's Association of South Africa

  • National Museum of Military History, Saxonwold, Johannesburg, South Africa
  • The Central Museum of The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery, Shilo Manitoba
  • Barracks Green Armouries, Belonging to and restored by 3rd Field Regt.(The Loyal Company), Saint John, New Brunswick

    • World War I ammunition

    Projectiles used in World War I weighed 100 pounds (45.4 kg). A lighter 86 pounds (39.0 kg) long-range projectile was introduced in November 1918, too late to see service in the war

    References

    BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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