August 3

Events

8 AD – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats the Dalmatae on the river Bathinus.

435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt.

881 – Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu: Louis III of France defeats the Vikings, an event celebrated in the poem Ludwigslied.

1031 – Olaf II of Norway is canonized as Saint Olaf by Grimketel, the English Bishop of Selsey.

1342 – The Siege of Algeciras commences during the Spanish Reconquista.

1492 – Christopher Columbus sets sail from Palos de la Frontera, Spain.

1527 – The first known letter from North America is sent by John Rut while at St. John's, Newfoundland.

1601 – Long War: Austria captures Transylvania in the Battle of Goroszló.

1645 – Thirty Years' War: The Second Battle of Nördlingen sees French forces defeating those of the Holy Roman Empire.

1678 – Robert LaSalle builds the Le Griffon, the first known ship built on the Great Lakes.

1778 – The theatre La Scala is inaugurated.

1795 – Treaty of Greenville is signed.

1811 – First ascent of Jungfrau, third highest summit in the Bernese Alps by brothers Johann Rudolf and Hieronymus Meyer.

1852 – Harvard University wins the first Boat Race between Yale University and Harvard. The race is also the first American intercollegiate athletic event

1859 – The American Dental Association is founded in Niagara Falls, New York.

1860 – The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.

1900 – The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company is founded.

1903 – Macedonian rebels in Kruševo proclaim the Kruševo Republic, which exists only for ten days before Ottoman Turks lay waste to the town.

1907 – Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis fines Standard Oil of Indiana a record $29.4 million for illegal rebating to freight carriers; the conviction and fine are later reversed on appeal.

1914 – World War I: Germany declares war against France, while Romania declares its neutrality.

1921 – Major League Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis confirms the ban of the eight Chicago Black Sox, the day after they were acquitted by a Chicago court.

1929 – Jiddu Krishnamurti, tagged as the messianic "World Teacher", shocks the Theosophy movement by dissolving the Order of the Star, the organisation built to support him.

1936 – Jesse Owens wins the 100 metre dash, defeating Ralph Metcalfe, at the Berlin Olympics.

1936 – A fire wipes out Kursha-2 in the Meshchera Lowlands, Ryazan Oblast, Russia, killing 1,200 and leaving only 20 survivors.

1940 – World War II: Italian forces begin the invasion of British Somaliland.

1946 – Santa Claus Land, the world's first themed amusement park, opens in Santa Claus, Indiana, United States.

1948 – Whittaker Chambers accuses Alger Hiss of being a communist and a spy for the Soviet Union.

1949 – The Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League finalize the merger, that would create the National Basketball Association

1959 – Portugal's state police force PIDE fires upon striking workers in Bissau, Portuguese Guinea, killing over 50 people.

1960 – Niger gains independence from France.

1972 – The United States Senate ratifies the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.

1975 – A privately chartered Boeing 707 strikes a mountain peak and crashes near Agadir, Morocco, killing 188.

1977 – Tandy Corporation announces the TRS-80, one of the world's first mass-produced personal computers.

1981 – Senegalese opposition parties, under the leadership of Mamadou Dia, launch the Antiimperialist Action Front – Suxxali Reew Mi.

1997 – Oued El-Had and Mezouara massacre in Algeria: A total of 116 villagers killed, 40 in Oued El-Had and 76 in Mezouara.

2004 – The pedestal of the Statue of Liberty reopens after being closed since the September 11 attacks.

2005 – President of Mauritania Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya is overthrown in a military coup while attending the funeral of King Fahd in Saudi Arabia.

2007 – Former Deputy Director of the Chilean secret police Raúl Iturriaga is captured after having been on the run following a conviction for kidnapping.

2010 – Widespread rioting erupts in Karachi, Pakistan, after the assassination of a local politician, leaving at least 85 dead and at least 17 billion Pakistani rupees (US$200 million) in damage.

2014 – A 6.1 magnitude earthquake kills at least 617 people and injures more than 2,400 in Yunnan, China.

Births

1486 – Imperia Cognati, Italian courtesan (d. 1512)

1491 – Maria of Jülich-Berg, German noblewoman (d. 1543)

1509 – Étienne Dolet, French scholar and translator (d. 1546)

1692 – John Henley, English minister and poet (d. 1759)

1734 – Naungdawgyi, Burmese king (d. 1763)

1766 – Aaron Chorin, Hungarian rabbi and author (d. 1844)

1770 – Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1840)

1803 – Joseph Paxton, English gardener and architect, designed The Crystal Palace (d. 1865)

1808 – Hamilton Fish, American lawyer and politician, 26th United States Secretary of State (d. 1893)

1811 – Elisha Otis, American businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company (d. 1861)

1817 – Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen (d. 1895)

1832 – Ivan Zajc, Croatian composer, conductor, and director (d. 1914)

1840 – John Bigham, 1st Viscount Mersey, English jurist and politician (d. 1929)

1850 – Reginald Heber Roe, English-Australian swimmer, tennis player, and academic (d. 1926)

1856 – Alfred Deakin, Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1919)

1860 – William Kennedy Dickson, French-Scottish actor, director, and producer (d. 1935)

1863 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian author and journalist (d. 1922)

1867 – Stanley Baldwin, English businessman and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1947)

1871 – Vernon Louis Parrington, American historian and scholar (d. 1929)

1872 – Haakon VII of Norway (d. 1957)

1886 – Maithili Sharan Gupt, Indian poet and playwright (d. 1964)

1887 – Rupert Brooke, English poet (d. 1915)

1890 – Konstantin Melnikov, Russian architect, designed the Rusakov Workers' Club (d. 1974)

1894 – Harry Heilmann, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1951)

1895 – Allen Bathurst, Lord Apsley, English politician (d. 1942)

1896 – Ralph Horween, American football player and coach (d. 1997)

1899 – Louis Chiron, Monacan race car driver (d. 1979)

1900 – Ernie Pyle, American soldier and journalist (d. 1945)

1900 – John T. Scopes, American educator (d. 1970)

1901 – John C. Stennis, American lawyer and politician (d. 1995)

1901 – Stefan Wyszyński, Polish cardinal (d. 1981)

1902 – Regina Jonas, German rabbi (d. 1944)

1902 – David Buttolph, American film composer (d. 1983)

1903 – Habib Bourguiba, Tunisian journalist and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Tunisia (d. 2000)

1904 – Dolores del Río, Mexican actress (d. 1983)

1904 – Clifford D. Simak, American journalist and author (d. 1988)

1905 – Franz König, Austrian cardinal (d. 2004)

1907 – Lawrence Brown, American trombonist and composer (d. 1988)

1907 – Ernesto Geisel, Brazilian general and politician, 29th President of Brazil (d. 1996)

1909 – Walter Van Tilburg Clark, American author and educator (d. 1971)

1911 – Alex McCrindle, Scottish actor and producer (d. 1990)

1913 – Mel Tolkin, Ukrainian-American screenwriter and producer (d. 2007)

1916 – Shakeel Badayuni, Indian poet and songwriter (d. 1970)

1916 – José Manuel Moreno, Argentinian footballer and manager (d. 1978)

1917 – Les Elgart, American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1995)

1918 – James MacGregor Burns, American historian, political scientist, and author (d. 2014)

1918 – Sidney Gottlieb, American chemist and theorist (d. 1999)

1918 – Larry Haines, American actor (d. 2008)

1918 – Eddie Jefferson, American singer-songwriter (d. 1979)

1920 – Max Fatchen, Australian journalist and author (d. 2012)

1920 – P. D. James, English author (d. 2014)

1920 – Charlie Shavers, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1971)

1920 – Elmar Tampõld, Estonian-Canadian architect (d. 2013)

1921 – Richard Adler, American composer and producer (d. 2012)

1921 – Marilyn Maxwell, American actress (d. 1972)

1922 – John Eisenhower, American historian, general, and diplomat, 45th United States Ambassador to Belgium (d. 2013)

1923 – Jean Hagen, American actress (d. 1977)

1923 – Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria (d. 2012)

1924 – Leon Uris, American soldier and author (d. 2003)

1925 – Marv Levy, American-Canadian football player, coach, and manager

1926 – Rona Anderson, Scottish-English actress (d. 2013)

1926 – Tony Bennett, American singer and actor

1926 – Anthony Sampson, English journalist and author (d. 2004)

1927 – Gordon Scott, American actor (d. 2007)

1928 – Cécile Aubry, French actress, director, and screenwriter (d. 2010)

1928 – Henning Moritzen, Danish actor (d. 2012)

1930 – James Komack, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1997)

1933 – Pat Crawford, Australian cricketer (d. 2009)

1934 – Haystacks Calhoun, American wrestler and actor (d. 1989)

1934 – Michael Chapman, English bassoon player (d. 2005)

1934 – Jonas Savimbi, Angolan general, founded UNITA (d. 2002)

1935 – John Erman, American actor, director, and producer

1935 – Georgy Shonin, Ukrainian-Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1997)

1935 – Vic Vogel, Canadian pianist, composer, and bandleader

1936 – Jerry G. Bishop, American radio and television host (d. 2013)

1936 – Edward Petherbridge, English actor

1937 – Steven Berkoff, English actor, director, and playwright

1937 – Roland Burris, American lawyer and politician, 39th Illinois Attorney General

1937 – Tom Georgeson, English actor

1937 – Duncan Sharpe, Pakistani-Australian cricketer

1938 – Terry Wogan, Irish-English radio and television host (d. 2016)

1939 – Jimmie Nicol, English drummer

1939 – Apoorva Sengupta, Indian general and cricketer

1940 – Lance Alworth, American football player

1940 – Martin Sheen, American actor and producer

1940 – James Tyler, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2010)

1941 – Beverly Lee, American singer

1941 – Martha Stewart, American businesswoman, publisher, and author, founded Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia

1943 – Béla Bollobás, Hungarian-English mathematician and academic

1943 – Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson of Sweden

1943 – Steven Millhauser, American novelist and short story writer

1944 – Nino Bravo, Spanish singer (d. 1973)

1945 – Eamon Dunphy, Irish footballer and journalist

1946 – Robert Ayling, English businessman

1946 – Jack Straw, English lawyer and politician, Shadow Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

1946 – Syreeta Wright, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)

1946 – John York, American bass player, songwriter, and producer

1947 – Ralph Wright, English footballer

1948 – Jean-Pierre Raffarin, French lawyer and politician, 166th Prime Minister of France

1949 – Philip Casnoff, American actor and director

1949 – B. B. Dickerson, American bass player and songwriter

1949 – Sue Slipman, English politician

1950 – Linda Howard, American author

1950 – John Landis, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

1950 – Jo Marie Payton, American actress and singer

1950 – Ernesto Samper, Colombian economist and politician, 29th President of Colombia

1951 – Marcel Dionne, Canadian ice hockey player

1951 – Jay North, American actor

1952 – Osvaldo Ardiles, Argentinian footballer and manager

1953 – Ian Bairnson, Scottish saxophonist and keyboard player

1954 – Michael Arthur, English physician and academic

1954 – Gary Peters, English footballer and manager

1956 – Kirk Brandon, English singer-songwriter and guitarist

1956 – Todd Christensen, American football player and sportscaster (d. 2013)

1956 – Dave Cloud, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2015)

1956 – Balwinder Sandhu, Indian cricketer and coach

1957 – Bodo Rudwaleit, German footballer and manager

1957 – Kate Wilkinson, New Zealand lawyer and politician, 11th New Zealand Minister of Conservation

1958 – Lindsey Hilsum, English journalist and author

1958 – Ana Kokkinos, Australian director and screenwriter

1959 – Martin Atkins, English drummer and producer

1959 – Mike Gminski, American basketball player and sportscaster

1959 – John C. McGinley, American actor and producer

1959 – Koichi Tanaka, Japanese chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate

1960 – Tim Mayotte, American tennis player and coach

1960 – Gopal Sharma, Indian cricketer

1961 – Molly Hagan, American actress

1961 – Nick Harvey, English politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces

1961 – Lee Rocker, American bassist

1963 – Frano Botica, New Zealand rugby player and coach

1963 – James Hetfield, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

1963 – David Knox, Australian rugby player

1963 – Ed Roland, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

1963 – Lisa Ann Walter, American actress, producer, and screenwriter

1963 – Isaiah Washington, American actor and producer

1964 – Lucky Dube, South African singer and keyboard player (d. 2007)

1964 – Nate McMillan, American basketball player and coach

1964 – Kevin Sumlin, American football player and coach

1964 – Abhisit Vejjajiva, English-Thai economist and politician, 27th Prime Minister of Thailand

1966 – Brent Butt, Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter

1966 – Gizz Butt, English singer-songwriter and guitarist

1966 – Eric Esch, American wrestler, boxer, and mixed martial artist

1967 – Mathieu Kassovitz, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, founded MNP Entreprise

1967 – Skin, English singer and guitarist

1968 – Rod Beck, American baseball player (d. 2007)

1969 – Doug Overton, American basketball player and coach

1970 – Stephen Carpenter, American guitarist and songwriter

1970 – Masahiro Sakurai, Japanese video game designer

1971 – Forbes Johnston, Scottish footballer (d. 2007)

1972 – Sandis Ozoliņš, Latvian ice hockey player and politician

1973 – Jay Cutler, American bodybuilder

1973 – Nikos Dabizas, Greek footballer

1975 – Wael Gomaa, Egyptian footballer

1975 – Argyro Strataki, Greek heptathlete

1976 – Troy Glaus, American baseball player

1977 – Tom Brady, American football player

1977 – Justin Lehr, American baseball player

1977 – Óscar Pereiro, Spanish cyclist and footballer

1978 – Joi Chua, Singaporean singer-songwriter and actress

1978 – Mariusz Jop, Polish footballer

1978 – Jenny Tinmouth, English motorcycle racer

1978 – Dimitrios Zografakis, Greek footballer

1979 – Evangeline Lilly, Canadian model and actress

1980 – Nadia Ali, Libyan-American singer-songwriter

1980 – Dominic Moore, Canadian ice hockey player

1980 – Tony Pashos, American football player

1980 – Brandan Schieppati, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

1980 – Hannah Simone, Canadian television host and actress

1981 – Fikirte Addis, Ethiopian fashion designer

1981 – Travis Bowyer, American baseball player

1981 – Pablo Ibáñez, Spanish footballer

1982 – Kaspar Kokk, Estonian skier

1982 – Jesse Lumsden, Canadian bobsledder and football player

1982 – Damien Sandow, American wrestler

1983 – Ryan Carter, American ice hockey player

1983 – Mark Reynolds, American baseball player

1984 – Yasin Avcı, Turkish footballer

1984 – Sunil Chhetri, Indian footballer

1984 – Matt Joyce, American baseball player

1984 – Ryan Lochte, American swimmer

1984 – Chris Maurer, American singer and bass player

1985 – Brent Kutzle, American bass player and producer

1985 – Ats Purje, Estonian footballer

1985 – Sonny Bill Williams, New Zealand rugby player and boxer

1986 – Charlotte Casiraghi, Monégasque journalist, co-founded Ever Manifesto

1987 – Kim Hyung-jun, South Korean singer and dancer

1987 – Chris McQueen, Australian rugby league player

1988 – Denny Cardin, Italian footballer

1988 – Leigh Tiffin, American football player

1989 – Jules Bianchi, French race car driver (d. 2015)

1989 – Sam Hutchinson, English footballer

1989 – Nick Viergever, Dutch footballer

1992 – Gamze Bulut, Turkish runner

1992 – Gesa Felicitas Krause, German runner

1992 – Diāna Marcinkēviča, Latvian tennis player

1992 – Aljon Mariano, Filipino basketball player

1992 – Lum Rexhepi, Finnish footballer

1993 – Ola Abidogun, English sprinter

1993 – Yurina Kumai, Japanese singer

1994 – Todd Gurley, American football player

1995 – Victoria Kan, Russian tennis player

Deaths

908 – Burchard, Duke of Thuringia

908 – Egino, Duke of Thuringia

908 – Rudolf I, bishop of Würzburg

979 – Thietmar, Margrave of Meissen, Margrave of Meissen

1355 – Bartholomew de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh

1460 – James II of Scotland (b. 1430)

1527 – Scaramuccia Trivulzio, Italian cardinal

1546 – Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect, designed the Apostolic Palace (b. 1484)

1546 – Étienne Dolet, French scholar and translator (b. 1509)

1604 – Bernardino de Mendoza, Spanish commander and diplomat (b. 1540)

1621 – Guillaume du Vair, French lawyer and author (b. 1556)

1712 – Joshua Barnes, English historian and scholar (b. 1654)

1720 – Anthonie Heinsius, Dutch politician (b. 1641)

1721 – Grinling Gibbons, Dutch-English sculptor and woodcarver (b. 1648)

1761 – Johann Matthias Gesner, German scholar and academic (b. 1691)

1773 – Stanisław Konarski, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1700)

1780 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French epistemiologist and philosopher (b. 1715)

1792 – Richard Arkwright, English engineer and businessman (b. 1732)

1797 – Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst, English field marshal and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1717)

1805 – Christopher Anstey, English author and poet (b. 1724)

1835 – Wenzel Müller, Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1767)

1839 – Dorothea von Schlegel, German author and translator (b. 1763)

1857 – Eugène Sue, French author and politician (b. 1804)

1866 – Gábor Klauzál, Hungarian politician, Hungarian Minister of Agriculture (b. 1804)

1867 – Philipp August Böckh, German historian and scholar (b. 1785)

1877 – William B. Ogden, American businessman and politician, 1st Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)

1879 – Joseph Severn, English painter (b. 1793)

1894 – George Inness, American painter (b. 1825)

1916 – Roger Casement, Irish poet and activist (b. 1864)

1917 – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius, German mathematician and academic (b. 1849)

1920 – Peeter Süda, Estonian organist and composer (b. 1883)

1922 – Ture Malmgren, Swedish journalist and politician (b. 1851)

1924 – Joseph Conrad, Polish-born British novelist (b. 1857)

1925 – William Bruce, Australian cricketer (b. 1864)

1929 – Emile Berliner, German-American inventor and businessman, invented the phonograph (b. 1851)

1929 – Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist (b. 1857)

1936 – Konstantin Konik, Estonian surgeon and politician, 19th Estonian Minister of Education (b. 1873)

1942 – Richard Willstätter, German-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1872)

1949 – Ignotus, Hungarian poet and author (b. 1869)

1954 – Colette, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873)

1958 – Peter Collins, English race car driver (b. 1931)

1959 – Herb Byrne, Australian Australian rules footballer (b. 1887)

1961 - Hilda Rix Nicholas, Australian artist (b. 1884)

1964 – Flannery O'Connor, American short story writer and novelist (b. 1925)

1966 – Lenny Bruce, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1925)

1972 – Giannis Papaioannou, Turkish-Greek composer (b. 1913)

1973 – Richard Marshall, American general (b. 1895)

1974 – Edgar Johan Kuusik, Estonian architect and interior designer (b. 1888)

1975 – Andreas Embirikos, Greek poet and photographer (b. 1901)

1977 – Makarios III, Cypriot archbishop and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Cyprus (b. 1913)

1977 – Alfred Lunt, American actor and director (b. 1892)

1979 – Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)

1979 – Angelos Terzakis, Greek author and playwright (b. 1907)

1983 – Carolyn Jones, American actress (b. 1930)

1995 – Ida Lupino, English-American actress and director (b. 1918)

1995 – Edward Whittemore, American soldier and author (b. 1933)

1996 – Jørgen Garde, Danish admiral (b. 1939)

1997 – Pietro Rizzuto, Italian-Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1934)

1998 – Alfred Schnittke, Russian composer and journalist (b. 1934)

1999 – Rod Ansell, Australian hunter (b. 1953)

1999 – Byron Farwell, American historian and author (b. 1921)

2000 – Joann Lõssov, Estonian basketball player and coach (b. 1921)

2001 – Christopher Hewett, English actor and director (b. 1922)

2003 – Roger Voudouris, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1954)

2004 – Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer and painter (b. 1908)

2005 – Françoise d'Eaubonne, French author and poet (b. 1920)

2006 – Arthur Lee, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1945)

2006 – Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German-English soprano and actress (b. 1915)

2007 – John Gardner, English author (b. 1926)

2007 – Peter Thorup, Danish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1948)

2008 – Skip Caray, American sportscaster (b. 1939)

2008 – Erik Darling, American singer-songwriter (b. 1933)

2008 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian novelist, dramatist and historian, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)

2009 – Nikolaos Makarezos, Greek soldier and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)

2010 – Bobby Hebb, American singer-songwriter (b. 1938)

2011 – William Sleator, American author (b. 1945)

2011 – Bubba Smith, American football player and actor (b. 1945)

2012 – Frank Evans, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1921)

2012 – Martin Fleischmann, Czech-English chemist and academic (b. 1927)

2012 – Paul McCracken, American economist and academic (b. 1915)

2012 – John Pritchard, American basketball player (b. 1927)

2013 – John Coombs, English-Monacan race car driver and businessman (b. 1922)

2013 – Jack English Hightower, American lawyer and politician (b. 1926)

2013 – Jack Hynes, Scottish-American soccer player and manager (b. 1920)

2014 – Miangul Aurangzeb, Pakistani captain and politician, 19th Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (b. 1928)

2014 – Edward Clancy, Australian cardinal (b. 1923)

2014 – Dorothy Salisbury Davis, American author (b. 1916)

2014 – Kenny Drew, Jr., American pianist and composer (b. 1958)

2014 – Lydia Yu-Jose, Filipino political scientist and academic (b. 1944)

2015 – Robert Conquest, English-American historian, poet, and academic (b. 1917)

2015 – Mel Farr, American football player and businessman (b. 1944)

2015 – Coleen Gray, American actress (b. 1922)

2015 – Margot Loyola, Chilean singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1918)

2015 – Johanna Quandt, German businesswoman (b. 1926)

2015 – Jef Murray, Australian artist and author (b. 1960)

Holidays and observances

Anniversary of the Killing of Pidjiguiti (Guinea-Bissau)

Armed Forces Day (Equatorial Guinea)

Christian feast day:

George Freeman Bragg, W. E. B. Du Bois (Episcopal Church)

Lydia of Thyatira

Myrrhbearers (Lutheran Church)

Nicodemus

Olaf II of Norway (Translation of the relic)

Stephen (Discovery of the relic)

Waltheof of Melrose

August 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Flag Day (Venezuela)

Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Niger from France in 1960.

Arbor Day (Niger)

National Guard Day (Venezuela)