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National Flag Day in Russia 2015 World Championships in Athletics James Corden, Kristen Wiig, Trey Gowdy, Takumi Saito, Keiko Kitagawa |
August 22 is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 131 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Monday, Wednesday or Saturday (58 in 400 years each) than on Thursday or Friday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Tuesday or Sunday (56).
392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.
1485 – The Battle of Bosworth Field, the death of Richard III and the end of the House of Plantagenet.
1559 – Bartolomé Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy.
1639 – Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.
1642 – Charles I raises his standard in Nottingham, which marks the beginning of the English Civil War.
1654 – Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first known Jewish immigrant to America.
1711 – Britain's Quebec Expedition loses eight ships and almost nine hundred soldiers, sailors and women to rocks at Pointe-aux-Anglais.
1717 – Spanish troops land on Sardinia.
1770 – James Cook names and lands on Possession Island, and claims the east coast of Australia for Britain as New South Wales.
1777 – British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Stanwix after hearing rumors of Continental Army reinforcements.
1780 – James Cook's ship HMS Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).
1791 – Beginning of the Haitian Slave Revolution in Saint-Domingue, Haiti.
1795 – The Constitution of the Year III is ratified by the National Convention
1798 – French troops land at Kilcummin, County Mayo, Ireland to aid the rebellion.
1827 – José de la Mar becomes President of Peru.
1831 – Nat Turner's slave rebellion commences just after midnight in Southampton County, Virginia, leading to the deaths of about 60 whites and approximately 250 blacks.
1846 – The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.
1849 – The first air raid in history. Austria launches pilotless balloons against the city of Venice.
1851 – The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.
1864 – Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention.
1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.
1902 – Cadillac Motor Company is founded.
1902 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to make a public appearance in an automobile.
1910 – Korea is annexed by Japan with the signing of the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, beginning a period of Japanese rule of Korea that lasted until the end of World War II.
1922 – Michael Collins, Commander-in-chief of the Irish Free State Army, is shot dead in an ambush during the Irish Civil War.
1934 – Bill Woodfull of Australia becomes the only cricket captain to twice regain The Ashes.
1941 – World War II: German troops begins the Siege of Leningrad.
1942 – World War II: Brazil declares war on Germany and Italy.
1944 – World War II: Holocaust of Kedros in Crete by German forces
1949 – The Queen Charlotte earthquake is Canada's strongest since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake
1950 – Althea Gibson becomes the first black competitor in international tennis.
1953 – The penal colony on Devil's Island is permanently closed.
1962 – The OAS attempts to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle.
1963 – X-15 Flight 91 reaches the highest altitude of the X-15 program (107.96 km (67.08 mi) (354,200 feet)).
1966 – Labor movements NFWA and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), predecessor of the United Farm Workers.
1968 – Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.
1971 – J. Edgar Hoover and John Mitchell announce the arrest of 20 of the Camden 28.
1972 – Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies.
1973 – The Congress of Chile votes in favour of a resolution condemning President Salvador Allende's government and demands that he resign or else be unseated through force and new elections.
1978 – The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FLSN) occupies national palace in Nicaragua.
1978 – The District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment is passed by the U.S. Congress. The proposed amendment would have provided the District of Columbia with full voting representation in the Congress, the Electoral College, and regarding amending the U.S. Constitution. The proposed amendment failed to be ratified by enough states (ratified by 16, needed 38) and so did not become part of the Constitution.
1985 – Manchester Air Disaster sees 55 people killed when a fire breaks out on a commercial aircraft at Manchester Airport.
1989 – Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5,000 strikeouts.
1992 – FBI HRT sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.
2003 – Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore is suspended after refusing to comply with a federal court order to remove a rock inscribed with the Ten Commandments from the lobby of the Alabama Supreme Court building.
2004 – Versions of The Scream and Madonna, two paintings by Edvard Munch, are stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.
2006 – Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612 crashes near the Russian border over eastern Ukraine, killing all 170 people on board.
2007 – The Texas Rangers defeat the Baltimore Orioles 30–3, the most runs scored by a team in modern Major League Baseball history. The combined run total is also Major League record.
2012 – Ethnic clashes over grazing rights for cattle in Kenya's Tana River District result in more than 52 deaths.
1412 – Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (d. 1464)
1601 – Georges de Scudéry, French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1667)
1624 – Jean Regnault de Segrais, French author and poet (d. 1701)
1647 – Denis Papin, French physicist and mathematician, developed pressure cooking (d. 1712)
1679 – Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (d. 1758)
1760 – Pope Leo XII (d. 1829)
1764 – Charles Percier, French architect and interior designer (d. 1838)
1771 – Henry Maudslay, English engineer (d. 1831)
1773 – Aimé Bonpland, French botanist and explorer (d. 1858)
1778 – James Kirke Paulding, American poet, playwright, and politician, 11th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1860)
1800 – William S. Harney, American general (d. 1889)
1800 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1865)
1827 – Ezra Butler Eddy, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1906)
1834 – Samuel Pierpont Langley, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1906)
1836 – Archibald Willard, American soldier and painter (d. 1918)
1845 – William Lewis Douglas, American businessman and politician, 42nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1924)
1848 – Melville Elijah Stone, American publisher, founded the Chicago Daily News (d. 1929)
1854 – Milan I of Serbia (d. 1901)
1857 – Ned Hanlon, American baseball player and manager (d. 1937)
1860 – Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, Polish-German technician and inventor, created the Nipkow disk (d. 1940)
1860 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician, biologist, and eugenicist (d. 1940)
1862 – Claude Debussy, French pianist and composer (d. 1918)
1867 – Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (d. 1939)
1873 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (d. 1928)
1874 – Max Scheler, German philosopher and author (d. 1928)
1880 – Gorch Fock, German author and poet (d. 1916)
1880 – George Herriman, American cartoonist (d. 1944)
1882 – Raymonde de Laroche, French pilot (d. 1919)
1887 – Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German jurist and politician, German Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1977)
1890 – Cecil Kellaway, British actor (d. 1973)
1891 – Henry Bachtold, Australian soldier and railway engineer (d. 1983)
1891 – Jacques Lipchitz, Lithuanian-Italian sculptor (d. 1973)
1893 – Wilfred Kitching, English 7th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1977)
1893 – Dorothy Parker, American poet, short story writer, critic, and satirist (d. 1967)
1895 – László Almásy, Hungarian captain, pilot, and explorer (d. 1951)
1895 – Paul Comtois, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1966)
1897 – Bill Woodfull, Australian cricketer and educator (d. 1965)
1898 – Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
1902 – Thomas Pelly, American lawyer and politician (d. 1973)
1902 – Leni Riefenstahl, German actress, film director and propagandist (d. 2003)
1902 – Edward Rowe Snow, American historian and author (d. 1982)
1903 – Jerry Iger, American cartoonist, co-founded Eisner & Iger (d. 1990)
1904 – Deng Xiaoping, Chinese soldier and politician, 1st Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1997)
1908 – Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer and painter (d. 2004)
1908 – Erwin Thiesies, German rugby player and coach (d. 1993)
1909 – Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2000)
1909 – Mel Hein, American football player and coach (d. 1992)
1913 – Leonard Pagliero, English businessman and pilot (d. 2008)
1913 – Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist and academic (d. 1993)
1914 – Jack Dunphy, American author and playwright (d. 1992)
1914 – Connie B. Gay, American businessman, co-founded the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum (d. 1989)
1915 – David Dellinger, American activist (d. 2004)
1915 – James Hillier, Canadian-American scientist, co-designed the electron microscope (d. 2007)
1915 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and politician, 15th Prime Minister of the Polish Republic in Exile (d. 2005)
1917 – John Lee Hooker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2001)
1918 – Mary McGrory, American journalist and author (d. 2004)
1920 – Ray Bradbury, American science fiction writer and screenwriter (d. 2012)
1920 – Denton Cooley, American soldier and surgeon (d. 2016)
1921 – Dinos Dimopoulos, Greek director and screenwriter (d. 2003)
1921 – Tony Pawson, English cricketer, footballer, and journalist (d. 2012)
1922 – Roberto Aizenberg, Argentine painter and sculptor (d. 1996)
1922 – Theoni V. Aldredge, Greek-American costume designer (d. 2011)
1924 – James Kirkwood, Jr., American playwright and author (d. 1989)
1925 – Honor Blackman, English actress and republican
1928 – Tinga Seisay, Sierra Leonean academic and diplomat
1928 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer and academic (d. 2007)
1929 – Valery Alekseyev, Russian anthropologist and author (d. 1991)
1929 – Ulrich Wegener, German police officer and general
1930 – Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (d. 2013)
1932 – Gerald P. Carr, American engineer, colonel, and astronaut
1933 – Sylva Koscina, Italian actress (d. 1994)
1934 – Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., American general and engineer (d. 2012)
1935 – Annie Proulx, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist
1936 – Chuck Brown, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2012)
1936 – John Callaway, American journalist and producer (d. 2009)
1936 – Werner Stengel, German roller coaster designer and engineer, designed the maverick roller coaster
1938 – Jean Berkey, American businesswoman and politician (d. 2013)
1939 – Valerie Harper, American actress
1939 – Carl Yastrzemski, American baseball player
1940 – Bill McCartney, American football player and coach, founded Promise Keepers
1941 – Bill Parcells, American football player and coach
1942 – Uğur Mumcu, Turkish journalist and author (d. 1993)
1943 – Alun Michael, Welsh police officer and politician, 1st First Minister of Wales
1943 – Masatoshi Shima, Japanese computer scientist and engineer, co-designed the Intel 4004
1944 – Roger Cashmore, English physicist and academic
1945 – David Chase, American director, producer, and screenwriter
1945 – Ron Dante, American singer-songwriter and producer
1947 – Cindy Williams, American actress and producer
1948 – David Marks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1949 – Doug Bair, American baseball player and coach
1949 – Diana Nyad, American swimmer and author
1950 – Ray Burris, American baseball player and coach
1950 – Scooter Libby, American lawyer and politician, Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States
1952 – Peter Laughner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977)
1953 – Paul Ellering, American weightlifter, wrestler, and manager
1956 – Paul Molitor, American baseball player and coach
1956 – Peter Taylor, Australian cricketer
1957 – Steve Davis, English snooker player, sportscaster, and author
1958 – Colm Feore, American-Canadian actor
1959 – Juan Croucier, Cuban-American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
1959 – Pia Gjellerup, Danish lawyer and politician, Danish Minister of Finance
1960 – Holger Gehrke, German footballer and manager
1961 – Andrés Calamaro, Argentine singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1961 – Iain Coucher, English businessman
1963 – Tori Amos, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
1963 – Terry Catledge, American basketball player
1964 – Diane Setterfield, English author and educator
1964 – Mats Wilander, Swedish-American tennis player and coach
1967 – Ty Burrell, American actor and comedian
1967 – Alfred Gough, American screenwriter and producer
1967 – Layne Staley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
1968 – Casper Christensen, Danish comedian, actor, and screenwriter
1968 – Paul Colman, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1968 – Aleksandr Mostovoi, Russian footballer
1968 – Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian businesswoman
1968 – Horst Skoff, Austrian tennis player (d. 2008)
1970 – Giada De Laurentiis, Italian-American chef and author
1971 – Craig Finn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1972 – Okkert Brits, South African pole vaulter
1972 – Paul Doucette, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and drummer
1972 – Steve Kline, American baseball player and coach
1972 – Max Wilson, German-Brazilian race car driver
1973 – Howie Dorough, American singer-songwriter and dancer
1973 – Kristen Wiig, American actress, comedian, and screenwriter
1973 – Eurelijus Žukauskas, Lithuanian basketball player
1974 – Cory Gardner, American politician
1974 – Agustín Pichot, Argentine rugby player
1975 – Clint Bolton, Australian footballer
1976 – Marius Bezykornovas, Lithuanian footballer
1976 – Bryn Davies, American bassist, cellist, and pianist
1976 – Laurent Hernu, French decathlete
1976 – Randy Wolf, American baseball player
1977 – Heiðar Helguson, Icelandic footballer
1978 – James Corden, English actor, comedian, writer, and television presenter
1978 – Ioannis Gagaloudis, Greek basketball player
1979 – Matt Walters, American football player
1980 – Roland Benschneider, German footballer
1980 – Nicolas Macrozonaris, Canadian sprinter
1980 – Seiko Yamamoto, Japanese wrestler
1981 – Alex Holmes, American football player
1981 – Jang Hyun-kyu, South Korean footballer (d. 2012)
1983 – Theo Bos, Dutch cyclist
1983 – Jahri Evans, American football player
1984 – Lee Camp, English footballer
1984 – Lawrence Quaye, Ghanaian-Qatari footballer
1985 – Luke Russert, American journalist
1987 – Leonardo Moracci, Italian footballer
1989 – Giacomo Bonaventura, Italian footballer
1990 – Randall Cobb, American football player
1990 – Drew Hutchison, American baseball player
1990 – Robbie Rochow, Australian rugby league player
1991 – Federico Macheda, Italian footballer
1991 – Brayden Schenn, Canadian ice hockey player
1992 – Ema Burgić Bucko, Bosnian tennis player
1994 – Olli Määttä, Finnish ice hockey player
1995 – Dua Lipa, English singer-songwriter
408 – Stilicho, Roman general (b. 359)
1155 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (b. 1139)
1241 – Pope Gregory IX, (b. 1143)
1280 – Pope Nicholas III (b. 1216)
1304 – John II, Count of Holland (b. 1247)
1338 – William II, Duke of Athens (b. 1312)
1350 – Philip VI of France (b. 1293)
1358 – Isabella of France (b. 1295)
1456 – Vladislav II of Wallachia
1485 – Richard III of England (b. 1452)
1485 – John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (b. 1430)
1485 – Richard Ratcliffe, supporter of Richard III
1485 – William Brandon, supporter of Henry VII (b. 1426)
1553 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English admiral and politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1504)
1572 – Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland, English leader of the Rising of the North (b. 1528)
1584 – Jan Kochanowski, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1530)
1599 – Luca Marenzio, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1553)
1607 – Bartholomew Gosnold, English lawyer and explorer, founded the London Company (b. 1572)
1652 – Jacob De la Gardie, Estonian-Swedish soldier and politician, Lord High Constable of Sweden (b. 1583)
1664 – Maria Cunitz, Polish astronomer and author (b. 1610)
1680 – John George II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1613)
1701 – John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1628)
1711 – Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French general (b. 1644)
1752 – William Whiston, English mathematician, historian, and theologian (b. 1667)
1793 – Louis de Noailles, French general (b. 1713)
1797 – Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, French-Austrian field marshal (b. 1724)
1806 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter and illustrator (b. 1732)
1818 – Warren Hastings, English lawyer and politician, 1st Governor-General of Bengal (b. 1732)
1828 – Franz Joseph Gall, Austrian neuroanatomist and physiologist (b. 1758)
1850 – Nikolaus Lenau, Romanian-Austrian poet and author (b. 1802)
1861 – Xianfeng Emperor of China (b. 1831)
1888 – Ágoston Trefort, Hungarian jurist and politician, Hungarian Minister of Education (b. 1817)
1891 – Jan Neruda, Czech journalist, author, and poet (b. 1834)
1903 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
1904 – Kate Chopin, American novelist and poet (b. 1850)
1909 – Henry Radcliffe Crocker, English dermatologist and author (b. 1846)
1914 – Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi, Italian bishop and academic (b. 1859)
1918 – Korbinian Brodmann, German neurologist and academic (b. 1868)
1920 – Anders Zorn, Swedish artist (b. 1860)
1922 – Michael Collins, Irish rebel, counter-intelligence and military tactician, and politician; 2nd Irish Minister of Finance (b. 1890)
1926 – Charles William Eliot, American academic (b. 1834)
1933 – Alexandros Kontoulis, Greek general and diplomat (b. 1858)
1940 – Oliver Lodge, English physicist and academic (b. 1851)
1940 – Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland, Maltese lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1861)
1942 – Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1880)
1946 – Döme Sztójay, Hungarian general and politician, 35th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1883)
1950 – Kirk Bryan, American geologist and academic (b. 1888)
1951 – Jack Bickell, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1884)
1953 – Jim Tabor, American baseball player (b. 1916)
1958 – Roger Martin du Gard, French novelist and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
1960 – Johannes Sikkar, Estonian soldier and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia in exile (b. 1897)
1963 – William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (b. 1877)
1967 – Gregory Goodwin Pincus, American biologist and academic, co-created the birth-control pill (b. 1903)
1970 – Vladimir Propp, Russian philologist and scholar (b. 1895)
1974 – Jacob Bronowski, Polish-English mathematician, biologist, and author (b. 1908)
1976 – Gina Bachauer, Greek pianist and composer (b. 1913)
1976 – Juscelino Kubitschek, Brazilian physician and politician, 21st President of Brazil (b. 1902)
1977 – Sebastian Cabot, English actor (b. 1918)
1978 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan journalist and politician, 1st President of Kenya (b. 1894)
1979 – James T. Farrell, American novelist, short-story writer, and poet (b. 1904)
1980 – James Smith McDonnell, American pilot, engineer, and businessman, founded McDonnell Aircraft (b. 1899)
1981 – Vicente Manansala, Filipino painter (b. 1910)
1985 – Charles Gibson (historian), Historian of Mexico and its Indians, President of the American Historical Association (b. 1920)
1986 – Celâl Bayar, Turkish lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Turkey (b. 1883)
1987 – Joseph P. Lash, American author and journalist (b. 1909)
1989 – Robert Grondelaers, Belgian cyclist (b. 1933)
1989 – Huey P. Newton, American activist, co-founded the Black Panther Party (b. 1942)
1991 – Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian-American actress (b. 1924)
1991 – Boris Pugo, Russian soldier and politician, Soviet Minister of Interior (b. 1937)
1994 – Gilles Groulx, Canadian director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
1994 – Allan Houser, American sculptor and painter (b. 1914)
1995 – Johnny Carey, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1919)
1996 – Erwin Komenda, Austrian car designer and engineer (b. 1904)
2003 – Arnold Gerschwiler, Swiss figure skater and coach (b. 1914)
2004 – Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player and trainer (b. 1960)
2004 – Angus Bethune, Australian soldier and politician, 33rd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1908)
2004 – Daniel Petrie, Canadian director and producer (b. 1920)
2005 – Luc Ferrari, French-Italian director and composer (b. 1929)
2005 – Ernest Kirkendall, American chemist and metallurgist (b. 1914)
2007 – Grace Paley, American short story writer and poet (b. 1922)
2008 – Gladys Powers, English-Canadian soldier (b. 1899)
2009 – Elmer Kelton, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
2010 – Stjepan Bobek, Croatian footballer and manager (b. 1923)
2011 – Nick Ashford, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1942)
2011 – Jack Layton, Canadian academic and politician (b. 1950)
2011 – Casey Ribicoff, American philanthropist (b. 1922)
2012 – Nina Bawden, English author (b. 1925)
2012 – Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, Chinese cardinal (b. 1923)
2012 – Jeffrey Stone, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1926)
2013 – Paul Poberezny, American pilot and businessman, founded the Experimental Aircraft Association (b. 1921)
2013 – Andrea Servi, Italian footballer (b. 1984)
2014 – U. R. Ananthamurthy, Indian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1932)
2014 – Emmanuel Kriaras, Greek lexicographer and philologist (b. 1906)
2014 – Pete Ladygo, American football player and coach (b. 1928)
2014 – Noella Leduc, American baseball player (b. 1933)
2014 – John Sperling, American businessman, founded the University of Phoenix (b. 1921)
2014 – John S. Waugh, American chemist and academic (b. 1929)
2015 – Mariem Hassan, Saharan singer-songwriter (b. 1958)
2015 – Arthur Morris, Australian cricketer and journalist (b. 1922)
2015 – Ieng Thirith, Cambodian academic and politician (b. 1932)
2015 – Eric Thompson, English race car driver and book dealer (b. 1919)
2016 – S. R. Nathan, 6th President of Singapore (b. 1924)
Holidays and observances
Christian feast day:
Immaculate Heart of Mary (Roman Catholic calendar of 1960)
Queenship of Mary
Symphorian and Timotheus
August 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Earliest day on which National Heroes' Day (Philippines) can fall, while August 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Monday in August.
Flag Day (Russia)
Madras Day (Chennai and Tamil Nadu, India)
August 22 Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA