Monarch Francis Joseph I Religion Roman Catholic | Name Archduke Ferdinand | |
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Preceded by Johann Bernhard Graf von Rechberg und Rothenlowen Succeeded by Alexander Graf von Mensdorff-Pouilly Born 11 January 1827
Milan, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, Austrian Empire ( 1827-01-11 ) Died January 27, 1913, Vienna, Austria Spouse Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria (m. 1852) Parents Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria, Princess Elisabeth of Savoy Grandparents Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor Great-grandparents Maria Theresa, Charles III of Spain Similar People Archduke Rainer Joseph of, Archduke Charles - Duke of T, Archduke Franz Karl of Austria, Archduke Karl Ludwig of, Adelaide of Austria | ||
Archduke Rainer Ferdinand Maria Johann Evangelist Franz Ignaz of Austria (11 January 1827 – 27 January 1913), a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and nephew of Emperor Francis I, was an Austrian politician who served as Minister-President of Austria from 1861 to 1865.
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Life
Born in Milan, the capital of the Austrian Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, he was a son of Viceroy Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria (1783–1853) and his consort Princess Elisabeth of Savoy (1800–1856). Rainer Ferdinand spent most of his youth at the Royal Villa of Monza. He studied law at the University of Vienna and in 1843 joined the Austrian Imperial Army in the rank of an Oberst (Colonel).
In 1852, he married his cousin Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria (1825-1915), a daughter of Archduke Charles, known for his victory at the 1809 Battle of Aspern. The marriage was a very happy one, and, with numerous public appearances and charitable activities, the couple was probably the most popular amongst the Habsburg family. The lavish celebration of their diamond wedding in 1912 was rated as one of the last great events of the dissolving Austro-Hungarian Monarchy before World War I. However, the marriage remained childless.
In 1854 Rainer achieved the rank of Generalmajor in the Imperial Army and in 1861 was raised to Feldmarschall-Leutnant (Field marshal lieutenant). Beside his military career, he was also interested in art and science, in particular the emerging Papyrology. In 1899 he donated his extensive Faiyum papyrus collection to the Austrian National Library, part the UNESCO Memory of the World Register since 2001.
Already in 1857, Archduke Rainer was appointed president of the Austrian Imperial Council by Emperor Francis Joseph I. In the course of the implementation of the 1861 February Patent constitution, he took up office as nominal Minister-President chairing the liberal cabinet of State Minister Anton von Schmerling.