Arceneaux is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Edgar Arceneaux (born 1972), American artist
Emmanuel Arceneaux (born 1987), professional Canadian football wide receiver
Fernest Arceneaux (1940–2008), American Zydeco musician
George Arceneaux, Jr. (1928–1993), United States federal judge
Harold Arceneaux (born 1977), American professional basketball player
Stacey Arceneaux (born 1936), retired American basketball player
Yvonne Arceneaux (born 1947), currently the senior member of the Compton City Council