Name Antoine Gaubil | ||
Died July 24, 1759, Beijing, China Books A Description of the Plan of Peking, the Capital of China | ||
Antoine Gaubil (b. at Gaillac, Aveyron, 14 July 1689; d. at Beijing, 24 July 1759) was French Jesuit missionary to China.
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Life
He entered the Society of Jesus, 13 September 1704, was sent to China, where he arrived 26 June 1722. He then lived in Beijing for the rest of his life. His Chinese name was Sun Kiun-yung.
He had taken Dominique Parrenin's place as head of the school in which Manchus were taught Latin, to act as interpreters in Russian affairs. Gaubil, the best astronomer and historian among the French Jesuits in China during the eighteenth century, carried on an extensive correspondence with the savants of his day, among them Freret and Delisle.
Works
His works are numerous. Among them is "Traite de l'Astronomie Chinoise" in the "Observations mathematiques", published by Etienne Souciet (Paris, 1729–1732). From Chinese sources Gaubil translated the history of Jenghis Khan (Historie de Gentchiscan (Paris, 1739) and part of the annals of the T'ang Dynasty (in "Memoires concernant les Chinois". vols. XV and XVI); he also wrote a treaty on Chinese chronology (Traite de la Chronologie Chenoise, Paris, 1814), and executed a good translation of the second of the Chinese classics, the "Book of History" (Shoo-king), edited by De Guignes (Paris, 1770).
Gaubil left a great number of manuscripts now kept in the Observatory and Naval Depot (Paris) and in the British Museum (London). From three manuscript volumes kept formerly at the Ecole Sainte-Genevieve (Paris) there were published "Situation de Holin en Tartarie" (T'oung Pao, March, 1893) and "Situation du Japon et de la Coree" (T'oung Pao, March, 1898).
Abel Remusat in "Nouveaux Melanges Asiatiques" (II, p. 289), wrote of Gaubil:
"More productive than Parennin and Gerbillion, less systematical than Premare and Foucquet, more conscientious than Amiot, less light-headed and enthusiastic than Cibot, he treated thoroughly, scientifically, and critically, every question he handled."