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Amendeuix Oneix

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Country
  
France

Department
  
Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Intercommunality
  
Amikuze

Area
  
7.66 km²

Region
  
Nouvelle-Aquitaine

Canton
  
Saint-Palais

Population (2009)
  
407

Arrondissement
  
Bayonne

Amendeuix-Oneix httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu

Amendeuix-Oneix (Basque: Amendüze-Unaso) is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

Contents

Map of 64120 Amendeuix-Oneix, France

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amendüztar.

Geography

Amendeuix-Oneix is located some 50 km east by south-east of Bayonne and 40 km south-west of Orthez in the Mixe country in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre. The village can be accessed by the D124 road from Garris in the west passing northeast to the village then continuing north to join the D29. The D11 road also passes through the south of the commune from Garris to Saint-Palais. The small D511 road links the D11 to the D124 within the commune.

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage divide of the Adour, the northern part of the eastern border of the commune is the Bidouze which flows north to join the Adour west of Peyrehorade. The southern part of the eastern border consists of the Joyeuse with many tributaries rising in the commune including the Algueruko erreka, the Sallarteko erreka, and the Soubiaga erreka. The Aitzeguerris rises just south of the village and flows into the Bidouze.

Toponymy

The current Basque name is Amendüze-Unaso. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan suggested that Oneix means the 'place of abundant hills'. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval however suggested that Oneix came from the Basque Unanu which means the Asphodelus (plant) and signifies a "place where the asphodelus is abundant. She also suggested that the origin of Amendeuix was Aquitane-Roman to designate a noble domain.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Sources:

  • Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy
  • Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (French)
  • Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750

    • Origins:

  • Notaries: Notaries of Labastide-Villefranche
  • Pamplona: Titles of Pamplona
  • Pau: Titles of the Chamber of the Counts of Pau
  • Biscay: Martin Biscay

    • History

    In the 16th century (1594), evidence of witchcraft was reported by an admonition to the States of Navarre by the Prosecutor of Mixe (together with those of Arberoue, Ostabaret, Irissarry, Ossès, Baigorri, and La Bastide-Clairence), who complained of a lack of prosecution and requesting that each town or district of Lower Navarre elect "two men of good character who are not suspects to find and punish the perpetrators of these crimes of witchcraft, apostasy, and magic: to be joined with the people of Roy and all at the expense of those convicted or, in case of insolvency, to those countries and places which will be instructed". Part of this admonition followed a request from the inhabitants of Amendeuix dating from 1587 who claimed to have been victims of "spells that were manifested mainly by evil barking".

    The village of Oneix joined with Amendeuix to form the commune of Amendeuix-Oneix on 27 August 1846.

    Administration

    List of Successive Mayors

    (Not all data is known)

    Inter-Communality

    The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures:

  • the community of communes of Amikuze
  • the AEP Association for Mixe country
  • the sanitation association for Saint-Palais - Luxe-Sumberraute
  • the association for school buses of Amendeuix-Oneix and Gabat
  • the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
  • the inter-communal association for the operation of schools in Amikuze
  • the association to support Basque culture

    • Demography

    In 1350 nine fires were reported in Oneix and 15-18 in Amendeuix.

    The fiscal census of 1412-1413, made on the orders of Charles III of Navarre, compared with that of 1551 men and weapons that are in this kingdom of Navarre this side of the ports, reveals a demography with strong growth. The first census indicated the presence of 13 fires in Amendeuix with the second showing 40 (33 + 7 secondary fires). The same census reported 8 fires in Oneix in 1412-1413 against 17 (14 + 3 secondary fires) in 1551.

    The census of the population of Lower Navarre in 1695 counted 63 fires at Amendeuix and 20 at Oneix.

    In 2009 the commune had 407 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.

    Population Change (See database)

    Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

    From 1793 to 1841 the population includes Oneix although it was still a separate commune at that time.

    Economy

    The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

    Languages

    According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the dialect of Basque spoken in Amendeuix-Oneix is eastern low Navarrese.

    Religious heritage

    Two churches in the commune are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Church of Saint Peter (1787) at Oneix.
  • The Church of Saint John the Baptist (1903) at Amendeuix.

    • Education

    The commune has a kindergarten.

    Amendeuix, Gabat, Ilharre, and Labets-Biscay have partnered to create an inter-educational grouping (RPI).

    References

    Amendeuix-Oneix Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA