Kingdom Animalia Class Amphibia Family Bufonidae | Phylum Chordata Order Anura Rank Genus | |
 | ||
Similar Hamptophryne, Ctenophryne, Osornophryne, Edalorhina, Rulyrana | ||
Amazophrynella is a genus of toads in the family Bufonidae. They are found throughout the Amazon Basin.
Contents
Taxonomy
Amazophrynella was separated from Dendrophryniscus in 2012 based on molecular genetic evidence that indicated deep divergence between an Amazonian and an Atlantic Forest clade, the latter retaining the name Dendrophryniscus whereas the former was described as a new genus Amazonella, later amended to Amazophrynella because of homonymy. The analysis suggested that Amazophrynella is the sister taxon of Dendrophryniscus, but a later study has suggested a more distant relationship.
Description
Amazophrynella are small toads measuring 12–27 mm (0.47–1.06 in) in snout–vent length. The hind limbs are well developed. The parotoid glands are absent, as are vocal slits and tympana. The skin is uniformly and finely granulose. Dorsal coloration is cryptic.
Amazophrynella are pond breeders, which is presumably an ancestral trait in bufonids (most Dendrophryniscus breed in phytotelmata).
Species
There are seven recognized species: