Name Alexei Abrikosov Role Physicist | Fields Physics Academic advisor Lev Landau | |
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Born Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov
June 25, 1928 (age 95)
Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union ( 1928-06-25 ) Citizenship Soviet Union (1928–1991)
Russia (since 1992)
United States (since 1999) Institutions Landau Institute
Moscow State University
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Argonne National Laboratory Alma mater Moscow State University
USSR Academy of Sciences Known for Abrikosov vortex
Condensed matter physics Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physics (2003)
ForMemRS (2001)
Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2000) Spouse Svetlana Yuriyevna Bunkova (m. 1977) Books Methods of Quantum Field Theory in Statistical Physics Education Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University Awards Nobel Prize in Physics, Lenin Prize Similar People Vitaly Ginzburg, Lev Gor'kov, Lev Landau, Anthony James Leggett, Igor Tamm | ||
Alexei alexeyevich abrikosov a simple tribute
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (Russian: Алексе́й Алексе́евич Абрико́сов; 25 June 1928 – 29 March 2017) was a Soviet, Russian and American theoretical physicist whose main contributions are in the field of condensed matter physics. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003.
Contents
- Alexei alexeyevich abrikosov a simple tribute
- Education and early life
- Career
- Honours and awards
- Personal life
- References
Education and early life
Abrikosov was born in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, on June 25, 1928, to a couple of physicians: Prof. Alexei Ivanovich Abrikosov and Dr. Fani Abrikosova, née Wulf. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1948. From 1948 to 1965, he worked at the Institute for Physical Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where he received his Ph.D. in 1951 for the theory of thermal diffusion in plasmas, and then his Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (a "higher doctorate") degree in 1955 for a thesis on quantum electrodynamics at high energies.
Career
From 1965 to 1988, he worked at the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics (USSR Academy of Sciences). He has been a professor at Moscow State University since 1965. In addition, he held tenure at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology from 1972 to 1976, and at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys from 1976 to 1991. He served as a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences from 1987 to 1991. In 1991, he became a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
In two works in 1952 and 1957, Abrikosov explained how magnetic flux can penetrate a class of superconductors. This class of materials is known as type-II superconductors. The accompanying arrangement of magnetic flux lines is called the Abrikosov vortex lattice.
From 1991 until his retirement, he worked at Argonne National Laboratory in the U.S. state of Illinois. Abrikosov was an Argonne Distinguished Scientist at the Condensed Matter Theory Group in Argonne’s Materials Science Division. His recent research has focused on the origins of magnetoresistance, a property of some materials that change their resistance to electrical flow under the influence of a magnetic field.
Honours and awards
Abrikosov was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1966, the Fritz London Memorial Prize in 1972, and the USSR State Prize in 1982. In 1989 he received the Landau Prize from the Academy of Sciences, Russia. Two years later, in 1991, Abrikosov was awarded the Sony Corporation’s John Bardeen Award. The same year he was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is also a member of the Royal Academy of London, a fellow of the American Physical Society, and in 2000 was elected to the prestigious National Academy of Sciences. He was the co-recipient of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics, with Vitaly Ginzburg and Anthony James Leggett, for theories about how matter can behave at extremely low temperatures. Other awards include:
Personal life
Abrikosov was the son of the physicians Alexei Ivanovich Abrikosov (1875-1955) and Fania Davidovna Woolf (1895—1965).
His sister was Maria Alekseevna Abrikósova (1929-1998), physician.
He was married to Svetlana Yuriyevna Bunkova and had 3 children.
He died on 29 March 2017 at the age of 88.