Primary citation PMID 16499625 | Laboratory LMGM | |
Data typescaptured ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) transporters Research center University of Toulouse, CNRS | ||
ABCdb is a biological database for the ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) transporters encoded by completely sequenced archaeal and (eu)bacterial genomes. These proteins are important for transporting substances into cells and are found in all living organisms.
Contents
biological function of ABC systems
Most ABC systems function in the transport of a compound across a membrane into the cell (importer) or to the exterior (exporter), for which the system generates energy by the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ABC transporters occur in all living organisms.
An ABC transporter system consist minimally of two components: an ATP binding cassette (ABC) and a TransMembrane domain (TMD) or Membrane Spanning Domain (MSD). These are usually separate proteins or can occur as protein domains. A typical ABC transporter is composed of two Nucleotide Binding Domains (NBD) that energize transport via ATP hydrolysis and of two Membrane Spanning Domains (MSD) that act as a membrane channel for the substrate. Importers require a Solute Binding Protein (SBP) that recognizes and binds the substrate.
The different partners of an ABC system are generally encoded by neighboring genes.
Features
The ABC proteins form a superfamily encoded by large families of paralogous genes. Sequence analysis shows that members of the ABC superfamily may have diverged from common ancestral forms and permits to organize ABC proteins into sub-families. The classification of ABC systems into (sub-)families can help to predict which substrates may be transported by the system.
ABCdb is a public resource, from which one can: